.. SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-SA-2.0-UK

Dealing with Vulnerability Reports
**********************************

The Yocto Project and OpenEmbedded are open-source, community-based projects
used in numerous products. They assemble multiple other open-source projects,
and need to handle security issues and practices both internal (in the code
maintained by both projects), and external (maintained by other projects and
organizations).

This manual assembles security-related information concerning the whole
ecosystem. It includes information on reporting a potential security issue,
the operation of the YP Security team and how to contribute in the
related code. It is written to be useful for both security researchers and
YP developers.

How to report a potential security vulnerability?
=================================================

If you would like to report a public issue (for example, one with a released
CVE number), please report it using the
:yocto_bugs:`Security Bugzilla </enter_bug.cgi?product=Security>`.

If you are dealing with a not-yet-released issue, or an urgent one, please send
a message to security AT yoctoproject DOT org, including as many details as
possible: the layer or software module affected, the recipe and its version,
and any example code, if available. This mailing list is monitored by the
Yocto Project Security team.

For each layer, you might also look for specific instructions (if any) for
reporting potential security issues in the specific ``SECURITY.md`` file at the
root of the repository. Instructions on how and where submit a patch are
usually available in ``README.md``. If this is your first patch to the
Yocto Project/OpenEmbedded, you might want to have a look into the
Contributor's Manual section
":ref:`contributor-guide/submit-changes:preparing changes for submission`".

Branches maintained with security fixes
---------------------------------------

See the
:ref:`Release process <ref-manual/release-process:Stable Release Process>`
documentation for details regarding the policies and maintenance of stable
branches.

The :yocto_wiki:`Releases page </Releases>` contains a list
of all releases of the Yocto Project. Versions in gray are no longer actively
maintained with security patches, but well-tested patches may still be accepted
for them for significant issues.

Security-related discussions at the Yocto Project
-------------------------------------------------

We have set up two security-related mailing lists:

  -  Public List: yocto [dash] security [at] yoctoproject[dot] org

    This is a public mailing list for anyone to subscribe to. This list is an
    open list to discuss public security issues/patches and security-related
    initiatives. For more information, including subscription information,
    please see the  :yocto_lists:`yocto-security mailing list info page </g/yocto-security>`.

  - Private List: security [at] yoctoproject [dot] org

    This is a private mailing list for reporting non-published potential
    vulnerabilities. The list is monitored by the Yocto Project Security team.


What you should do if you find a security vulnerability
-------------------------------------------------------

If you find a security flaw: a crash, an information leakage, or anything that
can have a security impact if exploited in any Open Source software built or
used by the Yocto Project, please report this to the Yocto Project Security
Team. If you prefer to contact the upstream project directly, please send a
copy to the security team at the Yocto Project as well. If you believe this is
highly sensitive information, please report the vulnerability in a secure way,
i.e. encrypt the email and send it to the private list. This ensures that
the exploit is not leaked and exploited before a response/fix has been generated.

Security team
=============

The Yocto Project/OpenEmbedded security team coordinates the work on security
subjects in the project. All general discussion takes place publicly. The
Security Team only uses confidential communication tools to deal with private
vulnerability reports before they are released.

Security team appointment
-------------------------

The Yocto Project Security Team consists of at least three members. When new
members are needed, the Yocto Project Technical Steering Committee (YP TSC)
asks for nominations by public channels including a nomination deadline.
Self-nominations are possible. When the limit time is
reached, the YP TSC posts the list of candidates for the comments of project
participants and developers. Comments may be sent publicly or privately to the
YP and OE TSCs. The candidates are approved by both YP TSC and OpenEmbedded
Technical Steering Committee (OE TSC) and the final list of the team members
is announced publicly. The aim is to have people representing technical
leadership, security knowledge and infrastructure present with enough people
to provide backup/coverage but keep the notification list small enough to
minimize information risk and maintain trust.

YP Security Team members may resign at any time.

Security Team Operations
------------------------

The work of the Security Team might require high confidentiality. Team members
are individuals selected by merit and do not represent the companies they work
for. They do not share information about confidential issues outside of the team
and do not hint about ongoing embargoes.

Team members can bring in domain experts as needed. Those people should be
added to individual issues only and adhere to the same standards as the YP
Security Team.

The YP security team organizes its meetings and communication as needed.

When the YP Security team receives a report about a potential security
vulnerability, they quickly analyze and notify the reporter of the result.
They might also request more information.

If the issue is confirmed and affects the code maintained by the YP, they
confidentially notify maintainers of that code and work with them to prepare
a fix.

If the issue is confirmed and affects an upstream project, the YP security team
notifies the project. Usually, the upstream project analyzes the problem again.
If they deem it a real security problem in their software, they develop and
release a fix following their security policy. They may want to include the
original reporter in the loop. There is also sometimes some coordination for
handling patches, backporting patches etc, or just understanding the problem
or what caused it.

When the fix is publicly available, the YP security team member or the
package maintainer sends patches against the YP code base, following usual
procedures, including public code review.

What Yocto Security Team does when it receives a security vulnerability
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

The YP Security Team team performs a quick analysis and would usually report
the flaw to the upstream project. Normally the upstream project analyzes the
problem. If they deem it a real security problem in their software, they
develop and release a fix following their own security policy. They may want
to include the original reporter in the loop. There is also sometimes some
coordination for handling patches, backporting patches etc, or just
understanding the problem or what caused it.

The security policy of the upstream project might include a notification to
Linux distributions or other important downstream projects in advance to
discuss coordinated disclosure. These mailing lists are normally non-public.

When the upstream project releases a version with the fix, they are responsible
for contacting `Mitre <https://www.cve.org/>`__ to get a CVE number assigned and
the CVE record published.

If an upstream project does not respond quickly
-----------------------------------------------

If an upstream project does not fix the problem in a reasonable time,
the Yocto's Security Team will contact other interested parties (usually
other distributions) in the community and together try to solve the
vulnerability as quickly as possible.

The Yocto Project Security team adheres to the 90 days disclosure policy
by default. An increase of the embargo time is possible when necessary.

Current Security Team members
-----------------------------

For secure communications, please send your messages encrypted using the GPG
keys. Remember, message headers are not encrypted so do not include sensitive
information in the subject line.

  -  Ross Burton: <ross@burtonini.com> `Public key <https://keys.openpgp.org/search?q=ross%40burtonini.com>`__

  -  Michael Halstead: <mhalstead [at] linuxfoundation [dot] org>
     `Public key <https://pgp.mit.edu/pks/lookup?op=vindex&search=0x3373170601861969>`__
     or `Public key <https://keyserver.ubuntu.com/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0xd1f2407285e571ed12a407a73373170601861969>`__

  -  Richard Purdie: <richard.purdie@linuxfoundation.org> `Public key <https://keys.openpgp.org/search?q=richard.purdie%40linuxfoundation.org>`__

  -  Marta Rybczynska: <marta DOT rybczynska [at] syslinbit [dot] com> `Public key <https://keys.openpgp.org/search?q=marta.rybczynska@syslinbit.com>`__

  -  Steve Sakoman: <steve [at] sakoman [dot] com> `Public key <https://keys.openpgp.org/search?q=steve%40sakoman.com>`__