Simplify fillMessageArgs

The aforementioned function does a lot of reconstruction of strings as
args are filled in.  This results in the end of the string being copied
many times (N).  Replace the algorithm with one that builds a new
string, using reserve (which is good practice) and is also capable of
returning errors in the case of bad entries.  fillMessageArgs now
returns a string instead of trying to do things in place, which avoids
the initial std::string construction, so we should be net the same here.

Given this new algorithm can now detect failures in parsing (ie, trying
to parse %1 with no arguments) add unit tests for coverage of that, and
modify event manager slightly to handle errors.

Tested: Unit tests pass.  Pretty good coverage of this stuff.

Signed-off-by: Ed Tanous <edtanous@google.com>
Change-Id: I16f28a2ac78580fb35266561f5ae38078b471989
diff --git a/redfish-core/include/registries.hpp b/redfish-core/include/registries.hpp
index a995d76..4247aa8 100644
--- a/redfish-core/include/registries.hpp
+++ b/redfish-core/include/registries.hpp
@@ -16,7 +16,10 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <array>
+#include <charconv>
 #include <cstddef>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <numeric>
 #include <span>
 #include <string>
 #include <string_view>
@@ -50,20 +53,40 @@
 };
 using MessageEntry = std::pair<const char*, const Message>;
 
-inline void fillMessageArgs(const std::span<const std::string_view> messageArgs,
-                            std::string& msg)
+inline std::string
+    fillMessageArgs(const std::span<const std::string_view> messageArgs,
+                    std::string_view msg)
 {
-    int i = 0;
-    for (const std::string_view& messageArg : messageArgs)
+    std::string ret;
+    size_t reserve = msg.size();
+    for (const std::string_view& arg : messageArgs)
     {
-        std::string argStr = "%" + std::to_string(i + 1);
-        size_t argPos = msg.find(argStr);
-        if (argPos != std::string::npos)
-        {
-            msg.replace(argPos, argStr.length(), messageArg);
-        }
-        i++;
+        reserve += arg.size();
     }
+    ret.reserve(reserve);
+
+    for (size_t stringIndex = msg.find('%'); stringIndex != std::string::npos;
+         stringIndex = msg.find('%'))
+    {
+        ret += msg.substr(0, stringIndex);
+        msg.remove_prefix(stringIndex + 1);
+        size_t number = 0;
+        auto it = std::from_chars(msg.data(), &*msg.end(), number);
+        if (it.ec != std::errc())
+        {
+            return "";
+        }
+        msg.remove_prefix(1);
+        // Redfish message args are 1 indexed.
+        number--;
+        if (number >= messageArgs.size())
+        {
+            return "";
+        }
+        ret += messageArgs[number];
+    }
+    ret += msg;
+    return ret;
 }
 
 } // namespace redfish::registries