server: Use ringbuffer for socket backlog

Currently, the socket handler uses a linear buffer for the backlog data;
this means we need to shift up to 128kB of data after each socket
write().

This change introduces a single-producer-multiple-consumer ringbuffer,
to avoid the need for memmove()ing data around; we can simply update
pointers instead of shifting data.

We add this as a new file (ringbuffer.c), to make it a little more
modular. To mitigate the risk of subtle pointer arithmetic issues, we
add a set of tests too.

Change-Id: Ib7c5151d3cf1f588436f5461000b6fed22d0681c
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Kerr <jk@ozlabs.org>
diff --git a/ringbuffer.c b/ringbuffer.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3edab0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ringbuffer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright © 2017 IBM Corporation
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "console-server.h"
+
+#define min(a,b) ({				\
+		const typeof(a) _a = (a);	\
+		const typeof(b) _b = (b);	\
+		_a < _b ? _a : _b;		\
+	})
+
+struct ringbuffer {
+	uint8_t				*buf;
+	size_t				size;
+	size_t				tail;
+	struct ringbuffer_consumer	**consumers;
+	int				n_consumers;
+};
+
+struct ringbuffer_consumer {
+	struct ringbuffer		*rb;
+	ringbuffer_poll_fn_t		poll_fn;
+	void				*poll_data;
+	size_t				pos;
+};
+
+struct ringbuffer *ringbuffer_init(size_t size)
+{
+	struct ringbuffer *rb;
+
+	rb = malloc(sizeof(*rb) + size);
+	if (!rb)
+		return NULL;
+
+	memset(rb, 0, sizeof(*rb));
+	rb->size = size;
+	rb->buf = (void *)(rb + 1);
+
+	return rb;
+}
+
+void ringbuffer_fini(struct ringbuffer *rb)
+{
+	while (rb->n_consumers)
+		ringbuffer_consumer_unregister(rb->consumers[0]);
+	free(rb);
+}
+
+struct ringbuffer_consumer *ringbuffer_consumer_register(struct ringbuffer *rb,
+		ringbuffer_poll_fn_t fn, void *data)
+{
+	struct ringbuffer_consumer *rbc;
+	int n;
+
+	rbc = malloc(sizeof(*rbc));
+	rbc->rb = rb;
+	rbc->poll_fn = fn;
+	rbc->poll_data = data;
+	rbc->pos = rb->tail;
+
+	n = rb->n_consumers++;
+	rb->consumers = realloc(rb->consumers,
+			sizeof(*rb->consumers) * rb->n_consumers);
+	rb->consumers[n] = rbc;
+
+	return rbc;
+}
+
+void ringbuffer_consumer_unregister(struct ringbuffer_consumer *rbc)
+{
+	struct ringbuffer *rb = rbc->rb;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < rb->n_consumers; i++)
+		if (rb->consumers[i] == rbc)
+			break;
+
+	assert(i < rb->n_consumers);
+
+	rb->n_consumers--;
+
+	memmove(&rb->consumers[i], &rb->consumers[i+1],
+			sizeof(*rb->consumers)	* (rb->n_consumers - i));
+
+	rb->consumers = realloc(rb->consumers,
+			sizeof(*rb->consumers) * rb->n_consumers);
+
+	free(rbc);
+}
+
+static size_t ringbuffer_len(struct ringbuffer_consumer *rbc)
+{
+	if (rbc->pos <= rbc->rb->tail)
+		return rbc->rb->tail - rbc->pos;
+	else
+		return rbc->rb->tail + rbc->rb->size - rbc->pos;
+}
+
+static size_t ringbuffer_space(struct ringbuffer_consumer *rbc)
+{
+	return rbc->rb->size - ringbuffer_len(rbc) - 1;
+}
+
+static int ringbuffer_consumer_ensure_space(
+		struct ringbuffer_consumer *rbc, size_t len)
+{
+	enum ringbuffer_poll_ret prc;
+	int force_len;
+
+	if (ringbuffer_space(rbc) >= len)
+		return 0;
+
+	force_len = len - ringbuffer_space(rbc);
+
+	prc = rbc->poll_fn(rbc->poll_data, force_len);
+	if (prc != RINGBUFFER_POLL_OK)
+		return -1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int ringbuffer_queue(struct ringbuffer *rb, uint8_t *data, size_t len)
+{
+	struct ringbuffer_consumer *rbc;
+	size_t wlen;
+	int i, rc;
+
+	if (len >= rb->size)
+		return -1;
+
+	/* Ensure there is at least len bytes of space available.
+	 *
+	 * If a client doesn't have sufficient space, perform a blocking write
+	 * (by calling ->poll_fn with force_len) to create it.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < rb->n_consumers; i++) {
+		rbc = rb->consumers[i];
+
+		rc = ringbuffer_consumer_ensure_space(rbc, len);
+		if (rc) {
+			ringbuffer_consumer_unregister(rbc);
+			i--;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		assert(ringbuffer_space(rbc) >= len);
+	}
+
+	/* Now that we know we have enough space, add new data to tail */
+	wlen = min(len, rb->size - rb->tail);
+	memcpy(rb->buf + rb->tail, data, wlen);
+	rb->tail = (rb->tail + wlen) % rb->size;
+	len -= wlen;
+	data += wlen;
+
+	memcpy(rb->buf, data, len);
+	rb->tail += len;
+
+	/* Inform consumers of new data in non-blocking mode, by calling
+	 * ->poll_fn with 0 force_len */
+	for (i = 0; i < rb->n_consumers; i++) {
+		enum ringbuffer_poll_ret prc;
+
+		rbc = rb->consumers[i];
+		prc = rbc->poll_fn(rbc->poll_data, 0);
+		if (prc == RINGBUFFER_POLL_REMOVE) {
+			ringbuffer_consumer_unregister(rbc);
+			i--;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+size_t ringbuffer_dequeue_peek(struct ringbuffer_consumer *rbc, size_t offset,
+		uint8_t **data)
+{
+	struct ringbuffer *rb = rbc->rb;
+	size_t pos;
+	size_t len;
+
+	if (offset >= ringbuffer_len(rbc))
+		return 0;
+
+	pos = (rbc->pos + offset) % rb->size;
+	if (pos <= rb->tail)
+		len = rb->tail - pos;
+	else
+		len = rb->size - pos;
+
+	*data = rb->buf + pos;
+	return len;
+}
+
+int ringbuffer_dequeue_commit(struct ringbuffer_consumer *rbc, size_t len)
+{
+	assert(len <= ringbuffer_len(rbc));
+	rbc->pos = (rbc->pos + len) % rbc->rb->size;
+	return 0;
+}