reset upstream subtrees to yocto 2.6

Reset the following subtrees on thud HEAD:

  poky: 87e3a9739d
  meta-openembedded: 6094ae18c8
  meta-security: 31dc4e7532
  meta-raspberrypi: a48743dc36
  meta-xilinx: c42016e2e6

Also re-apply backports that didn't make it into thud:
  poky:
    17726d0 systemd-systemctl-native: handle Install wildcards

  meta-openembedded:
    4321a5d libtinyxml2: update to 7.0.1
    042f0a3 libcereal: Add native and nativesdk classes
    e23284f libcereal: Allow empty package
    030e8d4 rsyslog: curl-less build with fmhttp PACKAGECONFIG
    179a1b9 gtest: update to 1.8.1

Squashed OpenBMC subtree compatibility updates:
  meta-aspeed:
    Brad Bishop (1):
          aspeed: add yocto 2.6 compatibility

  meta-ibm:
    Brad Bishop (1):
          ibm: prepare for yocto 2.6

  meta-ingrasys:
    Brad Bishop (1):
          ingrasys: set layer compatibility to yocto 2.6

  meta-openpower:
    Brad Bishop (1):
          openpower: set layer compatibility to yocto 2.6

  meta-phosphor:
    Brad Bishop (3):
          phosphor: set layer compatibility to thud
          phosphor: libgpg-error: drop patches
          phosphor: react to fitimage artifact rename

    Ed Tanous (4):
          Dropbear: upgrade options for latest upgrade
          yocto2.6: update openssl options
          busybox: remove upstream watchdog patch
          systemd: Rebase CONFIG_CGROUP_BPF patch

Change-Id: I7b1fe71cca880d0372a82d94b5fd785323e3a9e7
Signed-off-by: Brad Bishop <bradleyb@fuzziesquirrel.com>
diff --git a/meta-openembedded/meta-oe/recipes-dbs/postgresql/files/0001-Sync-our-copy-of-the-timezone-library-with-IANA-rele.patch b/meta-openembedded/meta-oe/recipes-dbs/postgresql/files/0001-Sync-our-copy-of-the-timezone-library-with-IANA-rele.patch
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d8c46e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/meta-openembedded/meta-oe/recipes-dbs/postgresql/files/0001-Sync-our-copy-of-the-timezone-library-with-IANA-rele.patch
@@ -0,0 +1,1164 @@
+From 12bfb778ce688fc662a6cb35f6298734fcf4856f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
+Date: Fri, 19 Oct 2018 19:36:34 -0400
+Subject: [PATCH] Sync our copy of the timezone library with IANA release
+ tzcode2018f.
+
+About half of this is purely cosmetic changes to reduce the diff between
+our code and theirs, like inserting "const" markers where they have them.
+
+The other half is tracking actual code changes in zic.c and localtime.c.
+I don't think any of these represent near-term compatibility hazards, but
+it seems best to stay up to date.
+
+I also fixed longstanding bugs in our code for producing the
+known_abbrevs.txt list, which by chance hadn't been exposed before,
+but which resulted in some garbage output after applying the upstream
+changes in zic.c.  Notably, because upstream removed their old phony
+transitions at the Big Bang, it's now necessary to cope with TZif files
+containing no DST transition times at all.
+
+Upstream-Status: Backport
+Signed-off-by: Armin Kuster <akuster@mvista.com>
+
+---
+ src/timezone/README      |   2 +-
+ src/timezone/localtime.c | 126 ++++++++++++------
+ src/timezone/pgtz.h      |  10 +-
+ src/timezone/private.h   |   3 +
+ src/timezone/strftime.c  |  10 +-
+ src/timezone/tzfile.h    |   7 +-
+ src/timezone/zic.c       | 330 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------
+ 7 files changed, 291 insertions(+), 197 deletions(-)
+
+Index: postgresql-10.5/src/timezone/README
+===================================================================
+--- postgresql-10.5.orig/src/timezone/README
++++ postgresql-10.5/src/timezone/README
+@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ match properly on the old version.
+ Time Zone code
+ ==============
+ 
+-The code in this directory is currently synced with tzcode release 2018e.
++The code in this directory is currently synced with tzcode release 2018f.
+ There are many cosmetic (and not so cosmetic) differences from the
+ original tzcode library, but diffs in the upstream version should usually
+ be propagated to our version.  Here are some notes about that.
+Index: postgresql-10.5/src/timezone/localtime.c
+===================================================================
+--- postgresql-10.5.orig/src/timezone/localtime.c
++++ postgresql-10.5/src/timezone/localtime.c
+@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
++/* Convert timestamp from pg_time_t to struct pg_tm.  */
++
+ /*
+  * This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
+  * 1996-06-05 by Arthur David Olson.
+@@ -117,7 +119,7 @@ init_ttinfo(struct ttinfo *s, int32 gmto
+ }
+ 
+ static int32
+-detzcode(const char *codep)
++detzcode(const char *const codep)
+ {
+ 	int32		result;
+ 	int			i;
+@@ -143,7 +145,7 @@ detzcode(const char *codep)
+ }
+ 
+ static int64
+-detzcode64(const char *codep)
++detzcode64(const char *const codep)
+ {
+ 	uint64		result;
+ 	int			i;
+@@ -258,8 +260,13 @@ tzloadbody(char const *name, char *canon
+ 		int32		charcnt = detzcode(up->tzhead.tzh_charcnt);
+ 		char const *p = up->buf + tzheadsize;
+ 
++		/*
++		 * Although tzfile(5) currently requires typecnt to be nonzero,
++		 * support future formats that may allow zero typecnt in files that
++		 * have a TZ string and no transitions.
++		 */
+ 		if (!(0 <= leapcnt && leapcnt < TZ_MAX_LEAPS
+-			  && 0 < typecnt && typecnt < TZ_MAX_TYPES
++			  && 0 <= typecnt && typecnt < TZ_MAX_TYPES
+ 			  && 0 <= timecnt && timecnt < TZ_MAX_TIMES
+ 			  && 0 <= charcnt && charcnt < TZ_MAX_CHARS
+ 			  && (ttisstdcnt == typecnt || ttisstdcnt == 0)
+@@ -416,8 +423,7 @@ tzloadbody(char const *name, char *canon
+ 		struct state *ts = &lsp->u.st;
+ 
+ 		up->buf[nread - 1] = '\0';
+-		if (tzparse(&up->buf[1], ts, false)
+-			&& ts->typecnt == 2)
++		if (tzparse(&up->buf[1], ts, false))
+ 		{
+ 			/*
+ 			 * Attempt to reuse existing abbreviations. Without this,
+@@ -430,7 +436,7 @@ tzloadbody(char const *name, char *canon
+ 			int			gotabbr = 0;
+ 			int			charcnt = sp->charcnt;
+ 
+-			for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
++			for (i = 0; i < ts->typecnt; i++)
+ 			{
+ 				char	   *tsabbr = ts->chars + ts->ttis[i].tt_abbrind;
+ 				int			j;
+@@ -455,7 +461,7 @@ tzloadbody(char const *name, char *canon
+ 					}
+ 				}
+ 			}
+-			if (gotabbr == 2)
++			if (gotabbr == ts->typecnt)
+ 			{
+ 				sp->charcnt = charcnt;
+ 
+@@ -470,7 +476,8 @@ tzloadbody(char const *name, char *canon
+ 					sp->timecnt--;
+ 
+ 				for (i = 0; i < ts->timecnt; i++)
+-					if (sp->ats[sp->timecnt - 1] < ts->ats[i])
++					if (sp->timecnt == 0
++						|| sp->ats[sp->timecnt - 1] < ts->ats[i])
+ 						break;
+ 				while (i < ts->timecnt
+ 					   && sp->timecnt < TZ_MAX_TIMES)
+@@ -481,11 +488,13 @@ tzloadbody(char const *name, char *canon
+ 					sp->timecnt++;
+ 					i++;
+ 				}
+-				sp->ttis[sp->typecnt++] = ts->ttis[0];
+-				sp->ttis[sp->typecnt++] = ts->ttis[1];
++				for (i = 0; i < ts->typecnt; i++)
++					sp->ttis[sp->typecnt++] = ts->ttis[i];
+ 			}
+ 		}
+ 	}
++	if (sp->typecnt == 0)
++		return EINVAL;
+ 	if (sp->timecnt > 1)
+ 	{
+ 		for (i = 1; i < sp->timecnt; ++i)
+@@ -507,6 +516,18 @@ tzloadbody(char const *name, char *canon
+ 	}
+ 
+ 	/*
++	 * Infer sp->defaulttype from the data.  Although this default type is
++	 * always zero for data from recent tzdb releases, things are trickier for
++	 * data from tzdb 2018e or earlier.
++	 *
++	 * The first set of heuristics work around bugs in 32-bit data generated
++	 * by tzdb 2013c or earlier.  The workaround is for zones like
++	 * Australia/Macquarie where timestamps before the first transition have a
++	 * time type that is not the earliest standard-time type.  See:
++	 * https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2013-May/019368.html
++	 */
++
++	/*
+ 	 * If type 0 is unused in transitions, it's the type to use for early
+ 	 * times.
+ 	 */
+@@ -529,6 +550,11 @@ tzloadbody(char const *name, char *canon
+ 	}
+ 
+ 	/*
++	 * The next heuristics are for data generated by tzdb 2018e or earlier,
++	 * for zones like EST5EDT where the first transition is to DST.
++	 */
++
++	/*
+ 	 * If no result yet, find the first standard type. If there is none, punt
+ 	 * to type zero.
+ 	 */
+@@ -542,7 +568,14 @@ tzloadbody(char const *name, char *canon
+ 				break;
+ 			}
+ 	}
++
++	/*
++	 * A simple 'sp->defaulttype = 0;' would suffice here if we didn't have to
++	 * worry about 2018e-or-earlier data.  Even simpler would be to remove the
++	 * defaulttype member and just use 0 in its place.
++	 */
+ 	sp->defaulttype = i;
++
+ 	return 0;
+ }
+ 
+@@ -601,10 +634,11 @@ static const int year_lengths[2] = {
+ };
+ 
+ /*
+- * Given a pointer into a time zone string, scan until a character that is not
+- * a valid character in a zone name is found. Return a pointer to that
+- * character.
++ * Given a pointer into a timezone string, scan until a character that is not
++ * a valid character in a time zone abbreviation is found.
++ * Return a pointer to that character.
+  */
++
+ static const char *
+ getzname(const char *strp)
+ {
+@@ -617,15 +651,17 @@ getzname(const char *strp)
+ }
+ 
+ /*
+- * Given a pointer into an extended time zone string, scan until the ending
+- * delimiter of the zone name is located. Return a pointer to the delimiter.
++ * Given a pointer into an extended timezone string, scan until the ending
++ * delimiter of the time zone abbreviation is located.
++ * Return a pointer to the delimiter.
+  *
+  * As with getzname above, the legal character set is actually quite
+  * restricted, with other characters producing undefined results.
+  * We don't do any checking here; checking is done later in common-case code.
+  */
++
+ static const char *
+-getqzname(const char *strp, int delim)
++getqzname(const char *strp, const int delim)
+ {
+ 	int			c;
+ 
+@@ -635,13 +671,14 @@ getqzname(const char *strp, int delim)
+ }
+ 
+ /*
+- * Given a pointer into a time zone string, extract a number from that string.
++ * Given a pointer into a timezone string, extract a number from that string.
+  * Check that the number is within a specified range; if it is not, return
+  * NULL.
+  * Otherwise, return a pointer to the first character not part of the number.
+  */
++
+ static const char *
+-getnum(const char *strp, int *nump, int min, int max)
++getnum(const char *strp, int *const nump, const int min, const int max)
+ {
+ 	char		c;
+ 	int			num;
+@@ -663,14 +700,15 @@ getnum(const char *strp, int *nump, int
+ }
+ 
+ /*
+- * Given a pointer into a time zone string, extract a number of seconds,
++ * Given a pointer into a timezone string, extract a number of seconds,
+  * in hh[:mm[:ss]] form, from the string.
+  * If any error occurs, return NULL.
+  * Otherwise, return a pointer to the first character not part of the number
+  * of seconds.
+  */
++
+ static const char *
+-getsecs(const char *strp, int32 *secsp)
++getsecs(const char *strp, int32 *const secsp)
+ {
+ 	int			num;
+ 
+@@ -704,13 +742,14 @@ getsecs(const char *strp, int32 *secsp)
+ }
+ 
+ /*
+- * Given a pointer into a time zone string, extract an offset, in
++ * Given a pointer into a timezone string, extract an offset, in
+  * [+-]hh[:mm[:ss]] form, from the string.
+  * If any error occurs, return NULL.
+  * Otherwise, return a pointer to the first character not part of the time.
+  */
++
+ static const char *
+-getoffset(const char *strp, int32 *offsetp)
++getoffset(const char *strp, int32 *const offsetp)
+ {
+ 	bool		neg = false;
+ 
+@@ -730,13 +769,14 @@ getoffset(const char *strp, int32 *offse
+ }
+ 
+ /*
+- * Given a pointer into a time zone string, extract a rule in the form
++ * Given a pointer into a timezone string, extract a rule in the form
+  * date[/time]. See POSIX section 8 for the format of "date" and "time".
+  * If a valid rule is not found, return NULL.
+  * Otherwise, return a pointer to the first character not part of the rule.
+  */
++
+ static const char *
+-getrule(const char *strp, struct rule *rulep)
++getrule(const char *strp, struct rule *const rulep)
+ {
+ 	if (*strp == 'J')
+ 	{
+@@ -795,9 +835,10 @@ getrule(const char *strp, struct rule *r
+  * Given a year, a rule, and the offset from UT at the time that rule takes
+  * effect, calculate the year-relative time that rule takes effect.
+  */
++
+ static int32
+-transtime(int year, const struct rule *rulep,
+-		  int32 offset)
++transtime(const int year, const struct rule *const rulep,
++		  const int32 offset)
+ {
+ 	bool		leapyear;
+ 	int32		value;
+@@ -981,7 +1022,7 @@ tzparse(const char *name, struct state *
+ 		{
+ 			dstname = name;
+ 			name = getzname(name);
+-			dstlen = name - dstname;	/* length of DST zone name */
++			dstlen = name - dstname;	/* length of DST abbr. */
+ 		}
+ 		if (!dstlen)
+ 			return false;
+@@ -1023,8 +1064,8 @@ tzparse(const char *name, struct state *
+ 			/*
+ 			 * Two transitions per year, from EPOCH_YEAR forward.
+ 			 */
+-			init_ttinfo(&sp->ttis[0], -dstoffset, true, stdlen + 1);
+-			init_ttinfo(&sp->ttis[1], -stdoffset, false, 0);
++			init_ttinfo(&sp->ttis[0], -stdoffset, false, 0);
++			init_ttinfo(&sp->ttis[1], -dstoffset, true, stdlen + 1);
+ 			sp->defaulttype = 0;
+ 			timecnt = 0;
+ 			janfirst = 0;
+@@ -1073,19 +1114,15 @@ tzparse(const char *name, struct state *
+ 					if (!increment_overflow_time
+ 						(&sp->ats[timecnt],
+ 						 janoffset + starttime))
+-						sp->types[timecnt++] = reversed;
+-					else if (janoffset)
+-						sp->defaulttype = reversed;
++						sp->types[timecnt++] = !reversed;
+ 					sp->ats[timecnt] = janfirst;
+ 					if (!increment_overflow_time
+ 						(&sp->ats[timecnt],
+ 						 janoffset + endtime))
+ 					{
+-						sp->types[timecnt++] = !reversed;
++						sp->types[timecnt++] = reversed;
+ 						yearlim = year + YEARSPERREPEAT + 1;
+ 					}
+-					else if (janoffset)
+-						sp->defaulttype = !reversed;
+ 				}
+ 				if (increment_overflow_time
+ 					(&janfirst, janoffset + yearsecs))
+@@ -1094,7 +1131,10 @@ tzparse(const char *name, struct state *
+ 			}
+ 			sp->timecnt = timecnt;
+ 			if (!timecnt)
++			{
++				sp->ttis[0] = sp->ttis[1];
+ 				sp->typecnt = 1;	/* Perpetual DST.  */
++			}
+ 			else if (YEARSPERREPEAT < year - yearbeg)
+ 				sp->goback = sp->goahead = true;
+ 		}
+@@ -1163,7 +1203,6 @@ tzparse(const char *name, struct state *
+ 					 * otherwise, add the standard time offset to the
+ 					 * transition time.
+ 					 */
+-
+ 					/*
+ 					 * Transitions from DST to DDST will effectively disappear
+ 					 * since POSIX provides for only one DST offset.
+@@ -1217,7 +1256,7 @@ tzparse(const char *name, struct state *
+ }
+ 
+ static void
+-gmtload(struct state *sp)
++gmtload(struct state *const sp)
+ {
+ 	if (tzload(gmt, NULL, sp, true) != 0)
+ 		tzparse(gmt, sp, true);
+@@ -1232,7 +1271,7 @@ gmtload(struct state *sp)
+  */
+ static struct pg_tm *
+ localsub(struct state const *sp, pg_time_t const *timep,
+-		 struct pg_tm *tmp)
++		 struct pg_tm *const tmp)
+ {
+ 	const struct ttinfo *ttisp;
+ 	int			i;
+@@ -1300,6 +1339,11 @@ localsub(struct state const *sp, pg_time
+ 	}
+ 	ttisp = &sp->ttis[i];
+ 
++	/*
++	 * To get (wrong) behavior that's compatible with System V Release 2.0
++	 * you'd replace the statement below with t += ttisp->tt_gmtoff;
++	 * timesub(&t, 0L, sp, tmp);
++	 */
+ 	result = timesub(&t, ttisp->tt_gmtoff, sp, tmp);
+ 	if (result)
+ 	{
+@@ -1322,8 +1366,10 @@ pg_localtime(const pg_time_t *timep, con
+  *
+  * Except we have a private "struct state" for GMT, so no sp is passed in.
+  */
++
+ static struct pg_tm *
+-gmtsub(pg_time_t const *timep, int32 offset, struct pg_tm *tmp)
++gmtsub(pg_time_t const *timep, int32 offset,
++	   struct pg_tm *tmp)
+ {
+ 	struct pg_tm *result;
+ 
+@@ -1337,6 +1383,7 @@ gmtsub(pg_time_t const *timep, int32 off
+ 		gmt_is_set = true;
+ 		gmtload(gmtptr);
+ 	}
++
+ 	result = timesub(timep, offset, gmtptr, tmp);
+ 
+ 	/*
+@@ -1361,6 +1408,7 @@ pg_gmtime(const pg_time_t *timep)
+  * Return the number of leap years through the end of the given year
+  * where, to make the math easy, the answer for year zero is defined as zero.
+  */
++
+ static int
+ leaps_thru_end_of_nonneg(int y)
+ {
+Index: postgresql-10.5/src/timezone/pgtz.h
+===================================================================
+--- postgresql-10.5.orig/src/timezone/pgtz.h
++++ postgresql-10.5/src/timezone/pgtz.h
+@@ -49,10 +49,16 @@ struct state
+ 	pg_time_t	ats[TZ_MAX_TIMES];
+ 	unsigned char types[TZ_MAX_TIMES];
+ 	struct ttinfo ttis[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
+-	char		chars[BIGGEST(BIGGEST(TZ_MAX_CHARS + 1, 3 /* sizeof gmt */ ),
++	char		chars[BIGGEST(BIGGEST(TZ_MAX_CHARS + 1, 4 /* sizeof gmt */ ),
+ 							  (2 * (TZ_STRLEN_MAX + 1)))];
+ 	struct lsinfo lsis[TZ_MAX_LEAPS];
+-	int			defaulttype;	/* for early times or if no transitions */
++
++	/*
++	 * The time type to use for early times or if no transitions. It is always
++	 * zero for recent tzdb releases. It might be nonzero for data from tzdb
++	 * 2018e or earlier.
++	 */
++	int			defaulttype;
+ };
+ 
+ 
+Index: postgresql-10.5/src/timezone/private.h
+===================================================================
+--- postgresql-10.5.orig/src/timezone/private.h
++++ postgresql-10.5/src/timezone/private.h
+@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
++/* Private header for tzdb code.  */
++
+ #ifndef PRIVATE_H
++
+ #define PRIVATE_H
+ 
+ /*
+Index: postgresql-10.5/src/timezone/strftime.c
+===================================================================
+--- postgresql-10.5.orig/src/timezone/strftime.c
++++ postgresql-10.5/src/timezone/strftime.c
+@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
+-/* Convert a broken-down timestamp to a string. */
++/* Convert a broken-down timestamp to a string.  */
+ 
+ /*
+  * Copyright 1989 The Regents of the University of California.
+@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ static char *_add(const char *, char *,
+ static char *_conv(int, const char *, char *, const char *);
+ static char *_fmt(const char *, const struct pg_tm *, char *, const char *,
+ 	 enum warn *);
+-static char *_yconv(int, int, bool, bool, char *, const char *);
++static char *_yconv(int, int, bool, bool, char *, char const *);
+ 
+ 
+ size_t
+@@ -441,7 +441,8 @@ _fmt(const char *format, const struct pg
+ 
+ 					/*
+ 					 * C99 and later say that %Z must be replaced by the empty
+-					 * string if the time zone is not determinable.
++					 * string if the time zone abbreviation is not
++					 * determinable.
+ 					 */
+ 					continue;
+ 				case 'z':
+@@ -519,6 +520,7 @@ _add(const char *str, char *pt, const ch
+  * same output as %Y, and that %Y contains at least 4 bytes,
+  * with more only if necessary.
+  */
++
+ static char *
+ _yconv(int a, int b, bool convert_top, bool convert_yy,
+ 	   char *pt, const char *ptlim)
+@@ -526,7 +528,7 @@ _yconv(int a, int b, bool convert_top, b
+ 	int			lead;
+ 	int			trail;
+ 
+-#define DIVISOR 100
++#define DIVISOR	100
+ 	trail = a % DIVISOR + b % DIVISOR;
+ 	lead = a / DIVISOR + b / DIVISOR + trail / DIVISOR;
+ 	trail %= DIVISOR;
+Index: postgresql-10.5/src/timezone/tzfile.h
+===================================================================
+--- postgresql-10.5.orig/src/timezone/tzfile.h
++++ postgresql-10.5/src/timezone/tzfile.h
+@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
++/* Layout and location of TZif files.  */
++
+ #ifndef TZFILE_H
++
+ #define TZFILE_H
+ 
+ /*
+@@ -21,14 +24,14 @@
+  * Information about time zone files.
+  */
+ 
+-#define TZDEFAULT	"localtime"
++#define TZDEFAULT	"/etc/localtime"
+ #define TZDEFRULES	"posixrules"
+ 
+ /*
+  * Each file begins with. . .
+  */
+ 
+-#define TZ_MAGIC	"TZif"
++#define	TZ_MAGIC	"TZif"
+ 
+ struct tzhead
+ {
+Index: postgresql-10.5/src/timezone/zic.c
+===================================================================
+--- postgresql-10.5.orig/src/timezone/zic.c
++++ postgresql-10.5/src/timezone/zic.c
+@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
++/* Compile .zi time zone data into TZif binary files.  */
++
+ /*
+  * This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
+  * 2006-07-17 by Arthur David Olson.
+@@ -130,8 +132,7 @@ static void adjleap(void);
+ static void associate(void);
+ static void dolink(const char *, const char *, bool);
+ static char **getfields(char *buf);
+-static zic_t gethms(const char *string, const char *errstring,
+-	   bool);
++static zic_t gethms(const char *string, const char *errstring);
+ static zic_t getstdoff(char *, bool *);
+ static void infile(const char *filename);
+ static void inleap(char **fields, int nfields);
+@@ -162,7 +163,7 @@ enum
+ PERCENT_Z_LEN_BOUND = sizeof "+995959" - 1};
+ 
+ /* If true, work around a bug in Qt 5.6.1 and earlier, which mishandles
+-   tz binary files whose POSIX-TZ-style strings contain '<'; see
++   TZif files whose POSIX-TZ-style strings contain '<'; see
+    QTBUG-53071 <https://bugreports.qt.io/browse/QTBUG-53071>.  This
+    workaround will no longer be needed when Qt 5.6.1 and earlier are
+    obsolete, say in the year 2021.  */
+@@ -211,7 +212,7 @@ static int	typecnt;
+ #define ZF_RULE		3
+ #define ZF_FORMAT	4
+ #define ZF_TILYEAR	5
+-#define ZF_TILMONTH 6
++#define ZF_TILMONTH	6
+ #define ZF_TILDAY	7
+ #define ZF_TILTIME	8
+ #define ZONE_MINFIELDS	5
+@@ -224,12 +225,12 @@ static int	typecnt;
+ #define ZFC_GMTOFF	0
+ #define ZFC_RULE	1
+ #define ZFC_FORMAT	2
+-#define ZFC_TILYEAR 3
++#define ZFC_TILYEAR	3
+ #define ZFC_TILMONTH	4
+ #define ZFC_TILDAY	5
+-#define ZFC_TILTIME 6
+-#define ZONEC_MINFIELDS 3
+-#define ZONEC_MAXFIELDS 7
++#define ZFC_TILTIME	6
++#define ZONEC_MINFIELDS	3
++#define ZONEC_MAXFIELDS	7
+ 
+ /*
+  * Which files are which on a Rule line.
+@@ -244,7 +245,7 @@ static int	typecnt;
+ #define RF_TOD		7
+ #define RF_STDOFF	8
+ #define RF_ABBRVAR	9
+-#define RULE_FIELDS 10
++#define RULE_FIELDS	10
+ 
+ /*
+  * Which fields are which on a Link line.
+@@ -252,7 +253,7 @@ static int	typecnt;
+ 
+ #define LF_FROM		1
+ #define LF_TO		2
+-#define LINK_FIELDS 3
++#define LINK_FIELDS	3
+ 
+ /*
+  * Which fields are which on a Leap line.
+@@ -264,7 +265,7 @@ static int	typecnt;
+ #define LP_TIME		4
+ #define LP_CORR		5
+ #define LP_ROLL		6
+-#define LEAP_FIELDS 7
++#define LEAP_FIELDS	7
+ 
+ /*
+  * Year synonyms.
+@@ -998,48 +999,6 @@ dolink(char const *fromfield, char const
+ static zic_t const min_time = MINVAL(zic_t, TIME_T_BITS_IN_FILE);
+ static zic_t const max_time = MAXVAL(zic_t, TIME_T_BITS_IN_FILE);
+ 
+-/*
+- * Estimated time of the Big Bang, in seconds since the POSIX epoch.
+- * rounded downward to the negation of a power of two that is
+- * comfortably outside the error bounds.
+- *
+- * For the time of the Big Bang, see:
+- *
+- * Ade PAR, Aghanim N, Armitage-Caplan C et al.  Planck 2013 results.
+- * I. Overview of products and scientific results.
+- * arXiv:1303.5062 2013-03-20 20:10:01 UTC
+- * <https://arxiv.org/pdf/1303.5062v1> [PDF]
+- *
+- * Page 36, Table 9, row Age/Gyr, column Planck+WP+highL+BAO 68% limits
+- * gives the value 13.798 plus-or-minus 0.037 billion years.
+- * Multiplying this by 1000000000 and then by 31557600 (the number of
+- * seconds in an astronomical year) gives a value that is comfortably
+- * less than 2**59, so BIG_BANG is - 2**59.
+- *
+- * BIG_BANG is approximate, and may change in future versions.
+- * Please do not rely on its exact value.
+- */
+-
+-#ifndef BIG_BANG
+-#define BIG_BANG (- (((zic_t) 1) << 59))
+-#endif
+-
+-/* If true, work around GNOME bug 730332
+-   <https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=730332>
+-   by refusing to output time stamps before BIG_BANG.
+-   Such time stamps are physically suspect anyway.
+-
+-   The GNOME bug is scheduled to be fixed in GNOME 3.22, and if so
+-   this workaround will no longer be needed when GNOME 3.21 and
+-   earlier are obsolete, say in the year 2021.  */
+-enum
+-{
+-WORK_AROUND_GNOME_BUG_730332 = true};
+-
+-static const zic_t early_time = (WORK_AROUND_GNOME_BUG_730332
+-								 ? BIG_BANG
+-								 : MINVAL(zic_t, TIME_T_BITS_IN_FILE));
+-
+ /* Return true if NAME is a directory.  */
+ static bool
+ itsdir(char const *name)
+@@ -1281,8 +1240,9 @@ infile(const char *name)
+  * A null string maps to zero.
+  * Call error with errstring and return zero on errors.
+  */
++
+ static zic_t
+-gethms(char const *string, char const *errstring, bool signable)
++gethms(char const *string, char const *errstring)
+ {
+ 	/* PG: make hh be int not zic_t to avoid sscanf portability issues */
+ 	int			hh;
+@@ -1299,9 +1259,7 @@ gethms(char const *string, char const *e
+ 
+ 	if (string == NULL || *string == '\0')
+ 		return 0;
+-	if (!signable)
+-		sign = 1;
+-	else if (*string == '-')
++	if (*string == '-')
+ 	{
+ 		sign = -1;
+ 		++string;
+@@ -1384,7 +1342,7 @@ getstdoff(char *field, bool *isdst)
+ 				break;
+ 		}
+ 	}
+-	stdoff = gethms(field, _("invalid saved time"), true);
++	stdoff = gethms(field, _("invalid saved time"));
+ 	*isdst = dst < 0 ? stdoff != 0 : dst;
+ 	return stdoff;
+ }
+@@ -1399,10 +1357,29 @@ inrule(char **fields, int nfields)
+ 		error(_("wrong number of fields on Rule line"));
+ 		return;
+ 	}
+-	if (*fields[RF_NAME] == '\0')
++	switch (*fields[RF_NAME])
+ 	{
+-		error(_("nameless rule"));
+-		return;
++		case '\0':
++		case ' ':
++		case '\f':
++		case '\n':
++		case '\r':
++		case '\t':
++		case '\v':
++		case '+':
++		case '-':
++		case '0':
++		case '1':
++		case '2':
++		case '3':
++		case '4':
++		case '5':
++		case '6':
++		case '7':
++		case '8':
++		case '9':
++			error(_("Invalid rule name \"%s\""), fields[RF_NAME]);
++			return;
+ 	}
+ 	r.r_filename = filename;
+ 	r.r_linenum = linenum;
+@@ -1507,7 +1484,7 @@ inzsub(char **fields, int nfields, bool
+ 	}
+ 	z.z_filename = filename;
+ 	z.z_linenum = linenum;
+-	z.z_gmtoff = gethms(fields[i_gmtoff], _("invalid UT offset"), true);
++	z.z_gmtoff = gethms(fields[i_gmtoff], _("invalid UT offset"));
+ 	if ((cp = strchr(fields[i_format], '%')) != NULL)
+ 	{
+ 		if ((*++cp != 's' && *cp != 'z') || strchr(cp, '%')
+@@ -1649,7 +1626,7 @@ inleap(char **fields, int nfields)
+ 		return;
+ 	}
+ 	t = dayoff * SECSPERDAY;
+-	tod = gethms(fields[LP_TIME], _("invalid time of day"), false);
++	tod = gethms(fields[LP_TIME], _("invalid time of day"));
+ 	cp = fields[LP_CORR];
+ 	{
+ 		bool		positive;
+@@ -1757,7 +1734,7 @@ rulesub(struct rule *rp, const char *loy
+ 				break;
+ 		}
+ 	}
+-	rp->r_tod = gethms(dp, _("invalid time of day"), false);
++	rp->r_tod = gethms(dp, _("invalid time of day"));
+ 	free(dp);
+ 
+ 	/*
+@@ -1942,7 +1919,43 @@ is32(const zic_t x)
+ }
+ 
+ static void
+-writezone(const char *const name, const char *const string, char version)
++swaptypes(int i, int j)
++{
++	{
++		zic_t		t = gmtoffs[i];
++
++		gmtoffs[i] = gmtoffs[j];
++		gmtoffs[j] = t;
++	}
++	{
++		char		t = isdsts[i];
++
++		isdsts[i] = isdsts[j];
++		isdsts[j] = t;
++	}
++	{
++		unsigned char t = abbrinds[i];
++
++		abbrinds[i] = abbrinds[j];
++		abbrinds[j] = t;
++	}
++	{
++		bool		t = ttisstds[i];
++
++		ttisstds[i] = ttisstds[j];
++		ttisstds[j] = t;
++	}
++	{
++		bool		t = ttisgmts[i];
++
++		ttisgmts[i] = ttisgmts[j];
++		ttisgmts[j] = t;
++	}
++}
++
++static void
++writezone(const char *const name, const char *const string, char version,
++		  int defaulttype)
+ {
+ 	FILE	   *fp;
+ 	ptrdiff_t	i,
+@@ -1977,14 +1990,12 @@ writezone(const char *const name, const
+ 
+ 		toi = 0;
+ 		fromi = 0;
+-		while (fromi < timecnt && attypes[fromi].at < early_time)
+-			++fromi;
+ 		for (; fromi < timecnt; ++fromi)
+ 		{
+-			if (toi > 1 && ((attypes[fromi].at +
+-							 gmtoffs[attypes[toi - 1].type]) <=
+-							(attypes[toi - 1].at +
+-							 gmtoffs[attypes[toi - 2].type])))
++			if (toi != 0 && ((attypes[fromi].at +
++							  gmtoffs[attypes[toi - 1].type]) <=
++							 (attypes[toi - 1].at + gmtoffs[toi == 1 ? 0
++															: attypes[toi - 2].type])))
+ 			{
+ 				attypes[toi - 1].type =
+ 					attypes[fromi].type;
+@@ -2019,8 +2030,8 @@ writezone(const char *const name, const
+ 	}
+ 
+ 	/*
+-	 * Work around QTBUG-53071 for time stamps less than y2038_boundary - 1,
+-	 * by inserting a no-op transition at time y2038_boundary - 1. This works
++	 * Work around QTBUG-53071 for timestamps less than y2038_boundary - 1, by
++	 * inserting a no-op transition at time y2038_boundary - 1. This works
+ 	 * only for timestamps before the boundary, which should be good enough in
+ 	 * practice as QTBUG-53071 should be long-dead by 2038.
+ 	 */
+@@ -2116,7 +2127,8 @@ writezone(const char *const name, const
+ 		int			thisleapi,
+ 					thisleapcnt,
+ 					thisleaplim;
+-		int			writetype[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
++		int			old0;
++		char		omittype[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
+ 		int			typemap[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
+ 		int			thistypecnt;
+ 		char		thischars[TZ_MAX_CHARS];
+@@ -2144,28 +2156,19 @@ writezone(const char *const name, const
+ 			error(_("too many transition times"));
+ 		thistimelim = thistimei + thistimecnt;
+ 		thisleaplim = thisleapi + thisleapcnt;
+-		for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
+-			writetype[i] = thistimecnt == timecnt;
+-		if (thistimecnt == 0)
+-		{
+-			/*
+-			 * No transition times fall in the current (32- or 64-bit) window.
+-			 */
+-			if (typecnt != 0)
+-				writetype[typecnt - 1] = true;
+-		}
+-		else
+-		{
+-			for (i = thistimei - 1; i < thistimelim; ++i)
+-				if (i >= 0)
+-					writetype[types[i]] = true;
++		memset(omittype, true, typecnt);
++		omittype[defaulttype] = false;
++		for (i = thistimei; i < thistimelim; i++)
++			omittype[types[i]] = false;
++
++		/*
++		 * Reorder types to make DEFAULTTYPE type 0. Use TYPEMAP to swap OLD0
++		 * and DEFAULTTYPE so that DEFAULTTYPE appears as type 0 in the output
++		 * instead of OLD0.  TYPEMAP also omits unused types.
++		 */
++		old0 = strlen(omittype);
++		swaptypes(old0, defaulttype);
+ 
+-			/*
+-			 * For America/Godthab and Antarctica/Palmer
+-			 */
+-			if (thistimei == 0)
+-				writetype[0] = true;
+-		}
+ #ifndef LEAVE_SOME_PRE_2011_SYSTEMS_IN_THE_LURCH
+ 
+ 		/*
+@@ -2187,8 +2190,8 @@ writezone(const char *const name, const
+ 					mrudst = types[i];
+ 				else
+ 					mrustd = types[i];
+-			for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
+-				if (writetype[i])
++			for (i = old0; i < typecnt; i++)
++				if (!omittype[i])
+ 				{
+ 					if (isdsts[i])
+ 						hidst = i;
+@@ -2205,7 +2208,7 @@ writezone(const char *const name, const
+ 							   ttisstds[mrudst],
+ 							   ttisgmts[mrudst]);
+ 				isdsts[mrudst] = 1;
+-				writetype[type] = true;
++				omittype[type] = false;
+ 			}
+ 			if (histd >= 0 && mrustd >= 0 && histd != mrustd &&
+ 				gmtoffs[histd] != gmtoffs[mrustd])
+@@ -2217,22 +2220,26 @@ writezone(const char *const name, const
+ 							   ttisstds[mrustd],
+ 							   ttisgmts[mrustd]);
+ 				isdsts[mrustd] = 0;
+-				writetype[type] = true;
++				omittype[type] = false;
+ 			}
+ 		}
+ #endif							/* !defined
+ 								 * LEAVE_SOME_PRE_2011_SYSTEMS_IN_THE_LURCH */
+ 		thistypecnt = 0;
+-		for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
+-			typemap[i] = writetype[i] ? thistypecnt++ : -1;
++		for (i = old0; i < typecnt; i++)
++			if (!omittype[i])
++				typemap[i == old0 ? defaulttype
++						: i == defaulttype ? old0 : i]
++					= thistypecnt++;
++
+ 		for (i = 0; i < sizeof indmap / sizeof indmap[0]; ++i)
+ 			indmap[i] = -1;
+ 		thischarcnt = 0;
+-		for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
++		for (i = old0; i < typecnt; i++)
+ 		{
+ 			char	   *thisabbr;
+ 
+-			if (!writetype[i])
++			if (omittype[i])
+ 				continue;
+ 			if (indmap[abbrinds[i]] >= 0)
+ 				continue;
+@@ -2267,23 +2274,16 @@ writezone(const char *const name, const
+ 		DO(tzh_typecnt);
+ 		DO(tzh_charcnt);
+ #undef DO
+-		for (i = thistimei; i < thistimelim; ++i)
+-			if (pass == 1)
+ 
+-				/*
+-				 * Output an INT32_MIN "transition" if appropriate; see above.
+-				 */
+-				puttzcode(((ats[i] < PG_INT32_MIN) ?
+-						   PG_INT32_MIN : ats[i]), fp);
+-			else
++		/* PG: print current timezone abbreviations if requested */
++		if (print_abbrevs && pass == 2)
++		{
++			/* Print "type" data for periods ending after print_cutoff */
++			for (i = thistimei; i < thistimelim; ++i)
+ 			{
+-				puttzcode64(ats[i], fp);
+-
+-				/* Print current timezone abbreviations if requested */
+-				if (print_abbrevs &&
+-					(i == thistimelim - 1 || ats[i + 1] > print_cutoff))
++				if (i == thistimelim - 1 || ats[i + 1] > print_cutoff)
+ 				{
+-					unsigned char tm = typemap[types[i]];
++					unsigned char tm = types[i];
+ 					char	   *thisabbrev = &thischars[indmap[abbrinds[tm]]];
+ 
+ 					/* filter out assorted junk entries */
+@@ -2295,6 +2295,32 @@ writezone(const char *const name, const
+ 								isdsts[tm] ? "\tD" : "");
+ 				}
+ 			}
++			/* Print the default type if we have no transitions at all */
++			if (thistimei >= thistimelim)
++			{
++				unsigned char tm = defaulttype;
++				char	   *thisabbrev = &thischars[indmap[abbrinds[tm]]];
++
++				/* filter out assorted junk entries */
++				if (strcmp(thisabbrev, GRANDPARENTED) != 0 &&
++					strcmp(thisabbrev, "zzz") != 0)
++					fprintf(stdout, "%s\t" INT64_FORMAT "%s\n",
++							thisabbrev,
++							gmtoffs[tm],
++							isdsts[tm] ? "\tD" : "");
++			}
++		}
++
++		for (i = thistimei; i < thistimelim; ++i)
++			if (pass == 1)
++
++				/*
++				 * Output an INT32_MIN "transition" if appropriate; see above.
++				 */
++				puttzcode(((ats[i] < PG_INT32_MIN) ?
++						   PG_INT32_MIN : ats[i]), fp);
++			else
++				puttzcode64(ats[i], fp);
+ 		for (i = thistimei; i < thistimelim; ++i)
+ 		{
+ 			unsigned char uc;
+@@ -2302,8 +2328,8 @@ writezone(const char *const name, const
+ 			uc = typemap[types[i]];
+ 			fwrite(&uc, sizeof uc, 1, fp);
+ 		}
+-		for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
+-			if (writetype[i])
++		for (i = old0; i < typecnt; i++)
++			if (!omittype[i])
+ 			{
+ 				puttzcode(gmtoffs[i], fp);
+ 				putc(isdsts[i], fp);
+@@ -2346,12 +2372,13 @@ writezone(const char *const name, const
+ 				puttzcode64(todo, fp);
+ 			puttzcode(corr[i], fp);
+ 		}
+-		for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
+-			if (writetype[i])
++		for (i = old0; i < typecnt; i++)
++			if (!omittype[i])
+ 				putc(ttisstds[i], fp);
+-		for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
+-			if (writetype[i])
++		for (i = old0; i < typecnt; i++)
++			if (!omittype[i])
+ 				putc(ttisgmts[i], fp);
++		swaptypes(old0, defaulttype);
+ 	}
+ 	fprintf(fp, "\n%s\n", string);
+ 	close_file(fp, directory, name);
+@@ -2757,6 +2784,7 @@ outzone(const struct zone *zpfirst, ptrd
+ 	zic_t		one = 1;
+ 	zic_t		y2038_boundary = one << 31;
+ 	zic_t		max_year0;
++	int			defaulttype = -1;
+ 
+ 	max_abbr_len = 2 + max_format_len + max_abbrvar_len;
+ 	max_envvar_len = 2 * max_abbr_len + 5 * 9;
+@@ -2880,9 +2908,9 @@ outzone(const struct zone *zpfirst, ptrd
+ 		 */
+ 		stdoff = 0;
+ 		zp = &zpfirst[i];
+-		usestart = i > 0 && (zp - 1)->z_untiltime > early_time;
++		usestart = i > 0 && (zp - 1)->z_untiltime > min_time;
+ 		useuntil = i < (zonecount - 1);
+-		if (useuntil && zp->z_untiltime <= early_time)
++		if (useuntil && zp->z_untiltime <= min_time)
+ 			continue;
+ 		gmtoff = zp->z_gmtoff;
+ 		eat(zp->z_filename, zp->z_linenum);
+@@ -2901,7 +2929,7 @@ outzone(const struct zone *zpfirst, ptrd
+ 				usestart = false;
+ 			}
+ 			else
+-				addtt(early_time, type);
++				defaulttype = type;
+ 		}
+ 		else
+ 			for (year = min_year; year <= max_year; ++year)
+@@ -3032,6 +3060,8 @@ outzone(const struct zone *zpfirst, ptrd
+ 					offset = oadd(zp->z_gmtoff, rp->r_stdoff);
+ 					type = addtype(offset, ab, rp->r_isdst,
+ 								   rp->r_todisstd, rp->r_todisgmt);
++					if (defaulttype < 0 && !rp->r_isdst)
++						defaulttype = type;
+ 					if (rp->r_hiyear == ZIC_MAX
+ 						&& !(0 <= lastatmax
+ 							 && ktime < attypes[lastatmax].at))
+@@ -3050,11 +3080,15 @@ outzone(const struct zone *zpfirst, ptrd
+ 			if (*startbuf == '\0')
+ 				error(_("cannot determine time zone abbreviation to use just after until time"));
+ 			else
+-				addtt(starttime,
+-					  addtype(startoff, startbuf,
+-							  startoff != zp->z_gmtoff,
+-							  startttisstd,
+-							  startttisgmt));
++			{
++				bool		isdst = startoff != zp->z_gmtoff;
++
++				type = addtype(startoff, startbuf, isdst,
++							   startttisstd, startttisgmt);
++				if (defaulttype < 0 && !isdst)
++					defaulttype = type;
++				addtt(starttime, type);
++			}
+ 		}
+ 
+ 		/*
+@@ -3071,6 +3105,8 @@ outzone(const struct zone *zpfirst, ptrd
+ 				starttime = tadd(starttime, -gmtoff);
+ 		}
+ 	}
++	if (defaulttype < 0)
++		defaulttype = 0;
+ 	if (0 <= lastatmax)
+ 		attypes[lastatmax].dontmerge = true;
+ 	if (do_extend)
+@@ -3100,7 +3136,7 @@ outzone(const struct zone *zpfirst, ptrd
+ 			attypes[timecnt - 1].dontmerge = true;
+ 		}
+ 	}
+-	writezone(zpfirst->z_name, envvar, version);
++	writezone(zpfirst->z_name, envvar, version, defaulttype);
+ 	free(startbuf);
+ 	free(ab);
+ 	free(envvar);
+@@ -3109,21 +3145,6 @@ outzone(const struct zone *zpfirst, ptrd
+ static void
+ addtt(zic_t starttime, int type)
+ {
+-	if (starttime <= early_time
+-		|| (timecnt == 1 && attypes[0].at < early_time))
+-	{
+-		gmtoffs[0] = gmtoffs[type];
+-		isdsts[0] = isdsts[type];
+-		ttisstds[0] = ttisstds[type];
+-		ttisgmts[0] = ttisgmts[type];
+-		if (abbrinds[type] != 0)
+-			strcpy(chars, &chars[abbrinds[type]]);
+-		abbrinds[0] = 0;
+-		charcnt = strlen(chars) + 1;
+-		typecnt = 1;
+-		timecnt = 0;
+-		type = 0;
+-	}
+ 	attypes = growalloc(attypes, sizeof *attypes, timecnt, &timecnt_alloc);
+ 	attypes[timecnt].at = starttime;
+ 	attypes[timecnt].dontmerge = false;
+@@ -3361,7 +3382,7 @@ is_alpha(char a)
+ }
+ 
+ /* If A is an uppercase character in the C locale, return its lowercase
+- * counterpart.  Otherwise, return A.  */
++   counterpart.  Otherwise, return A.  */
+ static char
+ lowerit(char a)
+ {
+@@ -3628,6 +3649,18 @@ rpytime(const struct rule *rp, zic_t wan
+ 	dayoff = 0;
+ 	m = TM_JANUARY;
+ 	y = EPOCH_YEAR;
++	if (y < wantedy)
++	{
++		wantedy -= y;
++		dayoff = (wantedy / YEARSPERREPEAT) * (SECSPERREPEAT / SECSPERDAY);
++		wantedy %= YEARSPERREPEAT;
++		wantedy += y;
++	}
++	else if (wantedy < 0)
++	{
++		dayoff = (wantedy / YEARSPERREPEAT) * (SECSPERREPEAT / SECSPERDAY);
++		wantedy %= YEARSPERREPEAT;
++	}
+ 	while (wantedy != y)
+ 	{
+ 		if (wantedy > y)
+@@ -3706,7 +3739,6 @@ will not work with pre-2004 versions of
+ 	if (dayoff > max_time / SECSPERDAY)
+ 		return max_time;
+ 	t = (zic_t) dayoff * SECSPERDAY;
+-
+ 	return tadd(t, rp->r_tod);
+ }
+