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<chapter id='sdk-eclipse-project'>

    <title>Developing Applications Using <trademark class='trade'>Eclipse</trademark></title>

    <para>
        If you are familiar with the popular Eclipse IDE, you can use an
        Eclipse Yocto Plug-in to allow you to develop, deploy, and test your
        application all from within Eclipse.
        This chapter describes general workflow using the SDK and Eclipse
        and how to configure and set up Eclipse.
        <note><title>Notes</title>
            <itemizedlist>
                <listitem><para>
                    This chapter assumes development of applications on top of
                    an image prepared using the Yocto Project.
                    As such, inclusion of a pre-built image or the building of
                    an image is included in the workflow.
                    </para></listitem>
                <listitem><para>
                    The chapter also assumes development on a build host that
                    is set up to use the Yocto Project.
                    Realize that you can easily use Eclipse and the Yocto
                    Project plug-in to develop an application for any number
                    of images developed and tested on different machines.
                    </para></listitem>
            </itemizedlist>
        </note>
    </para>

    <section id='application-development-workflow-using-eclipse'>
        <title>Application Development Workflow Using <trademark class='trade'>Eclipse</trademark></title>

        <para>
            The following figure and supporting list summarize a
            general workflow for application development that uses the
            SDK within the Eclipse IDE.
            The application developed runs on top of an image created using
            the Yocto Project.
        </para>

        <para>
            <imagedata fileref="figures/sdk-eclipse-dev-flow.png"
                width="7in" depth="7in" align="center" scale="100" />
        </para>

        <para>
            <orderedlist>
                <listitem><para>
                    <emphasis>Prepare the Host System for the Yocto Project</emphasis>:
                    Because this example workflow assumes development on a
                    system set up to use the Yocto Project, you need to be
                    sure your
                    <ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_REF_URL;#hardware-build-system-term'>build host</ulink>
                    can use the Yocto Project.
                    See the
                    "<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#setting-up-the-development-host-to-use-the-yocto-project'>Preparing a Build Host</ulink>"
                    section in the Yocto Project Development Tasks Manual for
                    information on how to set up your build host.
                    <note>
                        Be sure you install the "xterm" package, which is a
                        <ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_REF_URL;#required-packages-for-the-host-development-system'>graphical and Eclipse plug-in extra</ulink>
                        needed by Eclipse.
                    </note>
                    </para></listitem>
                <listitem><para>
                    <emphasis>Secure the Yocto Project Kernel Target Image</emphasis>:
                    This example workflow assumes application development on
                    top of an image built using the Yocto Project.
                    Depending on whether you are using a pre-built image
                    that matches your target architecture or you are using an
                    image you build using the
                    <ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_REF_URL;#build-system-term'>OpenEmbedded Build System</ulink>
                    and where you are going to run the image while you
                    develop your application (QEMU or real hardware), the
                    area from which you get the image differs.
                    <itemizedlist>
                        <listitem><para>
                            Download the image from
                            <ulink url='&YOCTO_MACHINES_DL_URL;'><filename>machines</filename></ulink>
                            if your target architecture is supported and
                            you are going to develop and test your
                            application on actual hardware.
                            </para></listitem>
                        <listitem><para>
                            Download the image from
                            <ulink url='&YOCTO_QEMU_DL_URL;'>
                            <filename>machines/qemu</filename></ulink> if
                            your target architecture is supported and you
                            are going to develop and test your application
                            using the
                            <ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#dev-manual-qemu'>QEMU Emulator</ulink>.
                            </para></listitem>
                        <listitem><para>
                            Build your image if you cannot find a pre-built
                            image that matches your target architecture.
                            If your target architecture is similar to a
                            supported architecture, you can modify the
                            kernel image before you build it.
                            See the
                            "<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_KERNEL_DEV_URL;#using-devtool-to-patch-the-kernel'>Using <filename>devtool</filename> to Patch the Kernel</ulink>"
                            section in the Yocto Project Linux Kernel
                            Development Manual for an example.
                            You can also see the
                            "<ulink url='https://wiki.yoctoproject.org/wiki/TipsAndTricks/RunningEclipseAgainstBuiltImage#Making_a_Suitable_Qemux86_Image'>Making a Suitable Qemux86 Image</ulink>"
                            wiki for steps needed to build an image suitable
                            for QEMU and for debugging within the Eclipse IDE.
                            </para></listitem>
                    </itemizedlist>
                    </para></listitem>
                <listitem>
                    <para><emphasis>Install the SDK</emphasis>:
                    The SDK provides a target-specific cross-development
                    toolchain, the root filesystem, the QEMU emulator, and
                    other tools that can help you develop your application.
                    For information on how to install the SDK, see the
                    "<link linkend='sdk-installing-the-sdk'>Installing the SDK</link>"
                    section.
                    </para></listitem>
                <listitem><para>
                    <emphasis>Secure the Target Root Filesystem and the Cross-Development Toolchain</emphasis>:
                    You need to find and download the appropriate root
                    filesystem and the cross-development toolchain.</para>

                    <para>You can find the tarballs for the root filesystem
                    in the same area used for the kernel image.
                    Depending on the type of image you are running, the
                    root filesystem you need differs.
                    For example, if you are developing an application that
                    runs on an image that supports Sato, you need to get a
                    root filesystem that supports Sato.</para>

                    <para>You can find the cross-development toolchains at
                    <ulink url='&YOCTO_TOOLCHAIN_DL_URL;'><filename>toolchains</filename></ulink>.
                    Be sure to get the correct toolchain for your
                    development host and your target architecture.
                    See the "<link linkend='sdk-locating-pre-built-sdk-installers'>Locating Pre-Built SDK Installers</link>"
                    section for information and the
                    "<link linkend='sdk-installing-the-sdk'>Installing the SDK</link>"
                    section for installation information.
                    <note>
                        As an alternative to downloading an SDK, you can
                        build the SDK installer.
                        For information on building the installer, see the
                        "<link linkend='sdk-building-an-sdk-installer'>Building an SDK Installer</link>"
                        section.
                        Another helpful resource for building an installer
                        is the
                        "<ulink url='https://wiki.yoctoproject.org/wiki/TipsAndTricks/RunningEclipseAgainstBuiltImage'>Cookbook guide to Making an Eclipse Debug Capable Image</ulink>"
                        wiki page.
                    </note>
                    </para></listitem>
                <listitem><para>
                    <emphasis>Create and Build Your Application</emphasis>:
                    You need to have source files for your application.
                    Once you have the files, you can use the Eclipse IDE
                    to import them and build the project.
                    </para></listitem>
                <listitem><para>
                    <emphasis>Deploy the Image With the Application</emphasis>:
                    Using the Eclipse IDE, you can deploy your image to the
                    hardware or to QEMU through the project's preferences.
                    You can also use Eclipse to load and test your image
                    under QEMU.
                    See the
                    "<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#dev-manual-qemu'>Using the Quick EMUlator (QEMU)</ulink>"
                    chapter in the Yocto Project Development Tasks Manual
                    for information on using QEMU.
                    </para></listitem>
                <listitem><para>
                    <emphasis>Test and Debug the Application</emphasis>:
                    Once your application is deployed, you need to test it.
                    Within the Eclipse IDE, you can use the debugging
                    environment along with supported performance enhancing
                    <ulink url='http://www.eclipse.org/linuxtools/'>Linux Tools</ulink>.
                    </para></listitem>
            </orderedlist>
        </para>
    </section>

    <section id='adt-eclipse'>
        <title>Working Within Eclipse</title>

        <para>
            The Eclipse IDE is a popular development environment and it
            fully supports development using the Yocto Project.
        </para>

        <para>
            When you install and configure the Eclipse Yocto Project
            Plug-in into the Eclipse IDE, you maximize your Yocto
            Project experience.
            Installing and configuring the Plug-in results in an
            environment that has extensions specifically designed to let
            you more easily develop software.
            These extensions allow for cross-compilation, deployment, and
            execution of your output into a QEMU emulation session as well
            as actual target hardware.
            You can also perform cross-debugging and profiling.
            The environment also supports performance enhancing
            <ulink url='http://www.eclipse.org/linuxtools/'>tools</ulink>
            that allow you to perform remote profiling, tracing,
            collection of power data, collection of latency data, and
            collection of performance data.
            <note>
                This release of the Yocto Project supports both the Oxygen
                and Neon versions of the Eclipse IDE.
                This section provides information on how to use the Oxygen
                release with the Yocto Project.
                For information on how to use the Neon version of Eclipse
                with the Yocto Project, see
                "<link linkend='sdk-appendix-neon-yp-eclipse-plug-in'>Appendix D</link>".
             </note>
        </para>

        <section id='oxygen-setting-up-the-eclipse-ide'>
            <title>Setting Up the Oxygen Version of the Eclipse IDE</title>

            <para>
                To develop within the Eclipse IDE, you need to do the
                following:
                <orderedlist>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Install the Oxygen version of the Eclipse IDE.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Configure the Eclipse IDE.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Install the Eclipse Yocto Plug-in.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Configure the Eclipse Yocto Plug-in.
                        </para></listitem>
                </orderedlist>
                <note>
                    Do not install Eclipse from your distribution's package
                    repository.
                    Be sure to install Eclipse from the official Eclipse
                    download site as directed in the next section.
                </note>
            </para>

            <section id='oxygen-installing-eclipse-ide'>
                <title>Installing the Oxygen Eclipse IDE</title>

                <para>
                    Follow these steps to locate, install, and configure
                    Oxygen Eclipse:
                    <orderedlist>
                        <listitem><para>
                            <emphasis>Locate the Oxygen Download:</emphasis>
                            Open a browser and go to
                            <ulink url='http://www.eclipse.org/oxygen/'>http://www.eclipse.org/oxygen/</ulink>.
                            </para></listitem>
                        <listitem><para>
                            <emphasis>Download the Tarball:</emphasis>
                            Click through the "Download" buttons to
                            download the file.
                            </para></listitem>
                        <listitem><para>
                            <emphasis>Unpack the Tarball:</emphasis>
                            Move to a clean directory and unpack the
                            tarball.
                            Here is an example:
                            <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ cd ~
     $ tar -xzvf ~/Downloads/eclipse-inst-linux64.tar.gz
                            </literallayout>
                            Everything unpacks into a folder named
                            "eclipse-installer".
                            </para></listitem>
                        <listitem><para>
                            <emphasis>Launch the Installer:</emphasis>
                            Use the following commands to launch the
                            installer:
                            <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ cd ~/eclipse-installer
     $ ./eclipse-inst
                            </literallayout>
                            </para></listitem>
                        <listitem><para>
                            <emphasis>Select Your IDE:</emphasis>
                            From the list, select the "Eclipse IDE for
                            C/C++ Developers".
                            </para></listitem>
                        <listitem><para>
                            <emphasis>Install the Software:</emphasis>
                            Click "Install" to begin the installation.
                            Accept all the certificates and any license
                            agreements.
                            Click "Install" again to finish the installation.
                            </para></listitem>
                        <listitem><para>
                            <emphasis>Launch Oxygen:</emphasis>
                            Accept the default "workspace" and click the
                            "Launch" button.
                            You should see the Eclipse welcome page from which
                            can click "workbench" to enter your workspace.
                            <note>
                                The executable for Eclipse is located in the
                                <filename>eclipse/cpp-oxygen/eclipse</filename>
                                folder.
                                To launch Eclipse outside of the installation
                                process, simply execute that binary.
                                Here is an example:
                                <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ ~/eclipse/cpp-oxygen/eclipse/eclipse
                                </literallayout>
                            </note>
                            </para></listitem>
                    </orderedlist>
                </para>
            </section>

            <section id='oxygen-configuring-the-eclipse-ide'>
                <title>Configuring the Oxygen Eclipse IDE</title>

                <para>
                    Follow these steps to configure the Oxygen Eclipse IDE.
                    <note><title>Notes</title>
                        <itemizedlist>
                            <listitem><para>
                                Depending on how you installed Eclipse and what
                                you have already done, some of the options do
                                not appear.
                                If you cannot find an option as directed by the
                                manual, it has already been installed.
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                If you want to see all options regardless of
                                whether they are installed or not, deselect the
                                "Hide items that are already installed"
                                check box.
                                </para></listitem>
                        </itemizedlist>
                    </note>
                    <orderedlist>
                        <listitem><para>
                            Be sure Eclipse is running and you are in your
                            workbench.
                            Just click "workbench" if you are not in your
                            default workspace.
                            </para></listitem>
                        <listitem><para>
                            Select "Install New Software" from the "Help"
                            pull-down menu.
                            </para></listitem>
                        <listitem><para>
                            Select
                            "Oxygen - http://download.eclipse.org/releases/oxygen"
                            from the "Work with:" pull-down menu.
                            </para></listitem>
                        <listitem><para>
                            Expand the box next to "Linux Tools" and select
                            the following:
                            <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     C/C++ Remote (Over TCF/TE) Run/Debug Launcher
     TM Terminal
                            </literallayout>
                            </para></listitem>
                        <listitem><para>
                            Expand the box next to "Mobile and Device
                            Development" and select the following
                            boxes:
                            <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     C/C++ Remote (Over TCF/TE) Run/Debug Launcher
     Remote System Explorer User Actions
     TM Terminal
     TCF Remote System Explorer add-in
     TCF Target Explorer
                            </literallayout>
                            </para></listitem>
                        <listitem><para>
                            Expand the box next to "Programming Languages"
                            and select the following box:
                            <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     C/C++ Development Tools SDK
                            </literallayout>
                            </para></listitem>
                        <listitem><para>
                            Complete the installation by clicking through
                            appropriate "Next" and "Finish" buttons and then
                            restart the Eclipse IDE.
                            </para></listitem>
                    </orderedlist>
                </para>
            </section>

            <section id='oxygen-installing-the-eclipse-yocto-plug-in'>
                <title>Installing or Accessing the Oxygen Eclipse Yocto Plug-in</title>

                <para>
                    You can install the Eclipse Yocto Plug-in into the
                    Eclipse IDE one of two ways:  use the Yocto Project's
                    Eclipse Update site to install the pre-built plug-in,
                    or build and install the plug-in from the latest
                    source code.
                </para>

                <section id='oxygen-new-software'>
                    <title>Installing the Pre-built Plug-in from the Yocto Project Eclipse Update Site</title>

                    <para>
                        To install the Oxygen Eclipse Yocto Plug-in from the
                        update site, follow these steps:
                        <orderedlist>
                            <listitem><para>
                                Start up the Eclipse IDE.
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                In Eclipse, select "Install New
                                Software" from the "Help" menu.
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                Click "Add..." in the "Work with:" area.
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                Enter
                                <filename>&ECLIPSE_DL_PLUGIN_URL;/oxygen</filename>
                                in the URL field and provide a meaningful
                                name in the "Name" field.
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                Click "OK" to have the entry automatically
                                populate the "Work with:" field and to have
                                the items for installation appear in the window
                                below.
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                Check the boxes next to the following:
                                <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     Yocto Project SDK Plug-in
     Yocto Project Documentation plug-in
                                </literallayout>
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                Complete the remaining software
                                installation steps and then restart the
                                Eclipse IDE to finish the installation of
                                the plug-in.
                                <note>
                                    You can click "OK" when prompted about
                                    installing software that contains
                                    unsigned content.
                                </note>
                                </para></listitem>
                        </orderedlist>
                    </para>
                </section>

                <section id='oxygen-zip-file-method'>
                    <title>Installing the Plug-in Using the Latest Source Code</title>

                    <para>
                        To install the Oxygen Eclipse Yocto Plug-in from the
                        latest source code, follow these steps:
                        <orderedlist>
                            <listitem><para>
                                Be sure your build host has JDK version 1.8
                                or greater.
                                On a Linux build host you can determine the
                                version using the following command:
                                <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ java -version
                                </literallayout>
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                Install X11-related packages:
                                <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ sudo apt-get install xauth
                                </literallayout>
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                In a new terminal shell, create a
                                Git repository with:
                                <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ cd ~
     $ git clone git://git.yoctoproject.org/eclipse-yocto
                                </literallayout>
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                Use Git to create the correct tag:
                                <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ cd ~/eclipse-yocto
     $ git checkout -b oxygen/&DISTRO_NAME_NO_CAP; remotes/origin/oxygen/&DISTRO_NAME_NO_CAP;
                                </literallayout>
                                This creates a local tag named
                                <filename>oxygen/&DISTRO_NAME_NO_CAP;</filename>
                                based on the branch
                                <filename>origin/oxygen/&DISTRO_NAME_NO_CAP;</filename>.
                                You are put into a detached HEAD state,
                                which is fine since you are only going to
                                be building and not developing.
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                Change to the <filename>scripts</filename>
                                directory within the Git repository:
                                <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ cd scripts
                                </literallayout>
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                Set up the local build environment
                                by running the setup script:
                                <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ ./setup.sh
                                </literallayout>
                                When the script finishes execution,
                                it prompts you with instructions on how to
                                run the <filename>build.sh</filename>
                                script, which is also in the
                                <filename>scripts</filename> directory of
                                the Git repository created earlier.
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                Run the <filename>build.sh</filename>
                                script as directed.
                                Be sure to provide the tag name,
                                documentation branch, and a release name.
                                </para>
                                <para>
                                Following is an example:
                                <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ ECLIPSE_HOME=/home/scottrif/eclipse-yocto/scripts/eclipse ./build.sh -l oxygen/&DISTRO_NAME_NO_CAP; master yocto-&DISTRO; 2>&amp;1 | tee build.log
                                </literallayout>
                                The previous example command adds the tag
                                you need for
                                <filename>oxygen/&DISTRO_NAME_NO_CAP;</filename>
                                to <filename>HEAD</filename>, then tells
                                the build script to use the local (-l) Git
                                checkout for the build.
                                After running the script, the file
                                <filename>org.yocto.sdk-</filename><replaceable>release</replaceable><filename>-</filename><replaceable>date</replaceable><filename>-archive.zip</filename>
                                is in the current directory.
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                If necessary, start the Eclipse IDE
                                and be sure you are in the Workbench.
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                Select "Install New Software" from
                                the "Help" pull-down menu.
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                Click "Add".
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                Provide anything you want in the
                                "Name" field.
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                Click "Archive" and browse to the
                                ZIP file you built earlier.
                                This ZIP file should not be "unzipped", and
                                must be the
                                <filename>*archive.zip</filename> file
                                created by running the
                                <filename>build.sh</filename> script.
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                Click the "OK" button.
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                Check the boxes that appear in
                                the installation window to install the
                                following:
                                <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     Yocto Project SDK Plug-in
     Yocto Project Documentation plug-in
                                </literallayout>
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                Finish the installation by clicking
                                through the appropriate buttons.
                                You can click "OK" when prompted about
                                installing software that contains unsigned
                                content.
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                Restart the Eclipse IDE if necessary.
                                </para></listitem>
                        </orderedlist>
                    </para>

                    <para>
                        At this point you should be able to configure the
                        Eclipse Yocto Plug-in as described in the
                        "<link linkend='oxygen-configuring-the-eclipse-yocto-plug-in'>Configuring the Oxygen Eclipse Yocto Plug-in</link>"
                        section.
                    </para>
                </section>
            </section>

            <section id='oxygen-configuring-the-eclipse-yocto-plug-in'>
                <title>Configuring the Oxygen Eclipse Yocto Plug-In</title>

                <para>
                    Configuring the Oxygen Eclipse Yocto Plug-in involves
                    setting the Cross Compiler options and the Target
                    options.
                    The configurations you choose become the default
                    settings for all projects.
                    You do have opportunities to change them later when
                    you configure the project (see the following section).
                </para>

                <para>
                    To start, you need to do the following from within the
                    Eclipse IDE:
                    <orderedlist>
                        <listitem><para>
                            Choose "Preferences" from the "Window" menu to
                            display the Preferences Dialog.
                            </para></listitem>
                        <listitem><para>
                            Click "Yocto Project SDK" to display
                            the configuration screen.
                            </para></listitem>
                    </orderedlist>
                    The following sub-sections describe how to configure
                    the plug-in.
                    <note>
                        Throughout the descriptions, a start-to-finish
                        example for preparing a QEMU image for use with
                        Eclipse is referenced as the "wiki" and is linked
                        to the example on the
                        "<ulink url='https://wiki.yoctoproject.org/wiki/TipsAndTricks/RunningEclipseAgainstBuiltImage'> Cookbook guide to Making an Eclipse Debug Capable Image</ulink>"
                        wiki page.
                    </note>
                </para>

                <section id='oxygen-configuring-the-cross-compiler-options'>
                    <title>Configuring the Cross-Compiler Options</title>

                    <para>
                        Cross Compiler options enable Eclipse to use your
                        specific cross compiler toolchain.
                        To configure these options, you must select
                        the type of toolchain, point to the toolchain,
                        specify the sysroot location, and select the target
                        architecture.
                        <itemizedlist>
                            <listitem><para>
                                <emphasis>Selecting the Toolchain Type:</emphasis>
                                Choose between "Standalone pre-built toolchain"
                                and "Build system derived toolchain" for
                                Cross Compiler Options.
                                <itemizedlist>
                                    <listitem><para>
                                        <emphasis>Standalone Pre-built Toolchain:</emphasis>
                                        Select this type when you are using
                                        a stand-alone cross-toolchain.
                                        For example, suppose you are an
                                        application developer and do not
                                        need to build a target image.
                                        Instead, you just want to use an
                                        architecture-specific toolchain on
                                        an existing kernel and target root
                                        filesystem.
                                        In other words, you have downloaded
                                        and installed a pre-built toolchain
                                        for an existing image.
                                        </para></listitem>
                                    <listitem><para>
                                        <emphasis>Build System Derived Toolchain:</emphasis>
                                        Select this type if you built the
                                        toolchain as part of the
                                        <ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_REF_URL;#build-directory'>Build Directory</ulink>.
                                        When you select "Build system derived
                                        toolchain", you are using the toolchain
                                        built and bundled inside the Build
                                        Directory.
                                        For example, suppose you created a
                                        suitable image using the steps in the
                                        <ulink url='https://wiki.yoctoproject.org/wiki/TipsAndTricks/RunningEclipseAgainstBuiltImage'>wiki</ulink>.
                                        In this situation, you would select
                                        "Build system derived toolchain".
                                        </para></listitem>
                                </itemizedlist>
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                <emphasis>Specify the Toolchain Root Location:</emphasis>
                                If you are using a stand-alone pre-built
                                toolchain, you should be pointing to where
                                it is installed (e.g.
                                <filename>/opt/poky/&DISTRO;</filename>).
                                See the
                                "<link linkend='sdk-installing-the-sdk'>Installing the SDK</link>"
                                section for information about how the SDK is
                                installed.</para>

                                <para>If you are using a build system
                                derived toolchain, the path you provide for
                                the "Toolchain Root Location" field is the
                                <ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_REF_URL;#build-directory'>Build Directory</ulink>
                                from which you run the
                                <filename>bitbake</filename> command (e.g
                                <filename>/home/scottrif/poky/build</filename>).
                                </para>
                                <para>For more information, see the
                                "<link linkend='sdk-building-an-sdk-installer'>Building an SDK Installer</link>"
                                section.
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                <emphasis>Specify Sysroot Location:</emphasis>
                                This location is where the root filesystem
                                for the target hardware resides.
                                </para>

                                <para>This location depends on where you
                                separately extracted and installed the
                                target filesystem when you either built
                                it or downloaded it.
                                <note>
                                    If you downloaded the root filesystem
                                    for the target hardware rather than
                                    built it, you must download the
                                    <filename>sato-sdk</filename> image
                                    in order to build any c/c++ projects.
                                </note>
                                As an example, suppose you prepared an
                                image using the steps in the
                                <ulink url='https://wiki.yoctoproject.org/wiki/TipsAndTricks/RunningEclipseAgainstBuiltImage'>wiki</ulink>.
                                If so, the
                                <filename>MY_QEMU_ROOTFS</filename>
                                directory is found in the Build Directory
                                and you would browse to and select that
                                directory (e.g.
                                <filename>/home/scottrif/poky/build/MY_QEMU_ROOTFS</filename>).
                                </para>

                                <para>For more information on how to
                                install the toolchain and on how to extract
                                and install the sysroot filesystem, see the
                                "<link linkend='sdk-building-an-sdk-installer'>Building an SDK Installer</link>"
                                section.
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                <emphasis>Select the Target Architecture:</emphasis>
                                The target architecture is the type of
                                hardware you are going to use or emulate.
                                Use the pull-down "Target Architecture"
                                menu to make your selection.
                                The pull-down menu should have the
                                supported architectures.
                                If the architecture you need is not listed
                                in the menu, you will need to build the
                                image.
                                See the
                                "<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#dev-building-a-simple-image'>Building a Simple Image</ulink>"
                                section of the Yocto Project Development Tasks
                                Manual for more information.
                                You can also see the
                                <ulink url='https://wiki.yoctoproject.org/wiki/TipsAndTricks/RunningEclipseAgainstBuiltImage'>wiki</ulink>.
                                </para></listitem>
                        </itemizedlist>
                    </para>
                </section>

                <section id='oxygen-configuring-the-target-options'>
                    <title>Configuring the Target Options</title>

                    <para>
                        You can choose to emulate hardware using the QEMU
                        emulator, or you can choose to run your image on
                        actual hardware.
                        <itemizedlist>
                            <listitem><para>
                                <emphasis>QEMU:</emphasis>
                                Select this option if you will be using the
                                QEMU emulator.
                                If you are using the emulator, you also
                                need to locate the kernel and specify any
                                custom options.</para>

                                <para>If you selected the Build system derived
                                toolchain, the target kernel you built will be
                                located in the
                                <ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_REF_URL;#build-directory'>Build Directory</ulink>
                                in
                                <filename>tmp/deploy/images/<replaceable>machine</replaceable></filename>
                                directory.
                                As an example, suppose you performed the
                                steps in the
                                <ulink url='https://wiki.yoctoproject.org/wiki/TipsAndTricks/RunningEclipseAgainstBuiltImage'>wiki</ulink>.
                                In this case, you specify your Build
                                Directory path followed by the image (e.g.
                                <filename>/home/scottrif/poky/build/tmp/deploy/images/qemux86/bzImage-qemux86.bin</filename>).
                                </para>

                                <para>If you selected the standalone
                                pre-built toolchain, the pre-built image
                                you downloaded is located in the directory
                                you specified when you downloaded the
                                image.</para>

                                <para>Most custom options are for advanced
                                QEMU users to further customize their QEMU
                                instance.
                                These options are specified between paired
                                angled brackets.
                                Some options must be specified outside the
                                brackets.
                                In particular, the options
                                <filename>serial</filename>,
                                <filename>nographic</filename>, and
                                <filename>kvm</filename> must all be
                                outside the brackets.
                                Use the <filename>man qemu</filename>
                                command to get help on all the options and
                                their use.
                                The following is an example:
                               <literallayout class='monospaced'>
    serial ‘&lt;-m 256 -full-screen&gt;’
                                </literallayout>
                                Regardless of the mode, Sysroot is already
                                defined as part of the Cross-Compiler
                                Options configuration in the "Sysroot
                                Location:" field.
                                </para></listitem>
                            <listitem><para>
                                <emphasis>External HW:</emphasis>
                                Select this option if you will be using
                                actual hardware.
                                </para></listitem>
                        </itemizedlist>
                    </para>

                    <para>
                        Click "Apply and Close" to save your plug-in
                        configurations.
                    </para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>

        <section id='oxygen-creating-the-project'>
            <title>Creating the Project</title>

            <para>
                You can create two types of projects:  Autotools-based, or
                Makefile-based.
                This section describes how to create Autotools-based
                projects from within the Eclipse IDE.
                For information on creating Makefile-based projects in a
                terminal window, see the
                "<link linkend='makefile-based-projects'>Makefile-Based Projects</link>"
                section.
                <note>
                    Do not use special characters in project names
                    (e.g. spaces, underscores, etc.).  Doing so can
                    cause configuration to fail.
                </note>
            </para>

            <para>
                To create a project based on a Yocto template and then
                display the source code, follow these steps:
                <orderedlist>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Select "C/C++ Project" from the "File -> New" menu.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Select "C Managed Build" from the available options and
                        click "Next".
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Expand "Yocto Project SDK Autotools Project".
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Select "Hello World ANSI C Autotools Projects".
                        This is an Autotools-based project based on a Yocto
                        template.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Put a name in the "Project name:" field.
                        Do not use hyphens as part of the name
                        (e.g. "hello").
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Click "Next".
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Add appropriate information in the various fields.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Click "Finish".
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        If the "open perspective" prompt appears,
                        click "Yes" so that you in the C/C++ perspective.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>The left-hand navigation pane shows
                        your project.
                        You can display your source by double clicking the
                        project's source file.
                        </para></listitem>
                </orderedlist>
            </para>
        </section>

        <section id='oxygen-configuring-the-cross-toolchains'>
            <title>Configuring the Cross-Toolchains</title>

            <para>
                The earlier section,
                "<link linkend='oxygen-configuring-the-eclipse-yocto-plug-in'>Configuring the Oxygen Eclipse Yocto Plug-in</link>",
                sets up the default project configurations.
                You can override these settings for a given project by
                following these steps:
                <orderedlist>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Select "Yocto Project Settings" from
                        the "Project -> Properties" menu.
                        This selection brings up the Yocto Project Settings
                        Dialog and allows you to make changes specific to
                        an individual project.</para>
                        <para>By default, the Cross Compiler Options and
                        Target Options for a project are inherited from
                        settings you provided using the Preferences Dialog
                        as described earlier in the
                        "<link linkend='oxygen-configuring-the-eclipse-yocto-plug-in'>Configuring the Oxygen Eclipse Yocto Plug-in</link>"
                        section.
                        The Yocto Project Settings Dialog allows you to
                        override those default settings for a given
                        project.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Make or verify your configurations for the
                        project and click "Apply and Close".
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Right-click in the navigation pane and select
                        "Reconfigure Project" from the pop-up menu.
                        This selection reconfigures the project by running
                        <ulink url='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Build_System'>Autotools GNU utility programs</ulink>
                        such as Autoconf, Automake, and so forth in the
                        workspace for your project.
                        Click on the "Console" tab beneath your source code
                        to see the results of reconfiguring your project.
                        </para></listitem>
                </orderedlist>
            </para>
         </section>

         <section id='oxygen-building-the-project'>
            <title>Building the Project</title>
             <para>
                To build the project select "Build All" from the
                "Project" menu.
                The console should update and you can note the
                cross-compiler you are using (i.e.
                <filename>i586-poky-linux-gcc</filename> in this example).
                <note>
                    When building "Yocto Project SDK Autotools" projects,
                    the Eclipse IDE might display error messages for
                    Functions/Symbols/Types that cannot be "resolved",
                    even when the related include file is listed at the
                    project navigator and when the project is able to
                    build.
                    For these cases only, it is recommended to add a new
                    linked folder to the appropriate sysroot.
                    Use these steps to add the linked folder:
                    <orderedlist>
                        <listitem><para>
                            Select the project.
                            </para></listitem>
                        <listitem><para>
                            Select "Folder" from the "File -> New" menu.
                            </para></listitem>
                        <listitem><para>
                            In the "New Folder" Dialog, click the "Advanced"
                            button and then activate "Link to
                            alternate location (linked folder)" button.
                            </para></listitem>
                        <listitem><para>
                            Click "Browse" to navigate to the include
                            folder inside the same sysroot location
                            selected in the Yocto Project
                            configuration preferences.
                            </para></listitem>
                        <listitem><para>
                            Click "Finish" to save the linked folder.
                            </para></listitem>
                    </orderedlist>
                </note>
            </para>
        </section>

        <section id='oxygen-starting-qemu-in-user-space-nfs-mode'>
            <title>Starting QEMU in User-Space NFS Mode</title>

            <para>
                To start the QEMU emulator from within Eclipse, follow
                these steps:
                <note>
                    See the
                    "<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#dev-manual-qemu'>Using the Quick EMUlator (QEMU)</ulink>"
                    chapter in the Yocto Project Development Tasks Manual
                    for more information on using QEMU.
                </note>
                <orderedlist>
                    <listitem><para>Expose and select "External Tools
                        Configurations ..." from the "Run -> External
                        Tools" menu.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Locate and select your image in the navigation
                        panel to the left
                        (e.g. <filename>qemu_i586-poky-linux</filename>).
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Click "Run" to launch QEMU.
                        <note>
                            The host on which you are running QEMU must
                            have the <filename>rpcbind</filename> utility
                            running to be able to make RPC calls on a
                            server on that machine.
                            If QEMU does not invoke and you receive error
                            messages involving
                            <filename>rpcbind</filename>, follow the
                            suggestions to get the service running.
                            As an example, on a new Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
                            installation, you must do the following in a new
                            shell in order to get QEMU to launch:
                            <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ sudo apt-get install rpcbind
                            </literallayout>
                            After installing <filename>rpcbind</filename>,
                            you need to edit the
                            <filename>/etc/init.d/rpcbind</filename> file
                            to include the following line:
                            <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     OPTIONS="-i -w"
                            </literallayout>
                            After modifying the file, you need to start the
                            service:
                            <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ sudo service portmap restart
                            </literallayout>
                        </note>
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        If needed, enter your host root password in
                        the shell window at the prompt.
                        This sets up a <filename>Tap 0</filename>
                        connection needed for running in user-space NFS
                        mode.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Wait for QEMU to launch.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Once QEMU launches, you can begin operating
                        within that environment.
                        One useful task at this point would be to determine
                        the IP Address for the user-space NFS by using the
                        <filename>ifconfig</filename> command.
                        The IP address of the QEMU machine appears in the
                        xterm window.
                        You can use this address to help you see which
                        particular
                        IP address the instance of QEMU is using.
                        </para></listitem>
                </orderedlist>
            </para>
        </section>

        <section id='oxygen-deploying-and-debugging-the-application'>
            <title>Deploying and Debugging the Application</title>

            <para>
                Once the QEMU emulator is running the image, you can deploy
                your application using the Eclipse IDE and then use
                the emulator to perform debugging.
                Follow these steps to deploy the application.
                <note>
                    Currently, Eclipse does not support SSH port
                    forwarding.
                    Consequently, if you need to run or debug a remote
                    application using the host display, you must create a
                    tunneling connection from outside Eclipse and keep
                    that connection alive during your work.
                    For example, in a new terminal, run the following:
                    <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ ssh -XY <replaceable>user_name</replaceable>@<replaceable>remote_host_ip</replaceable>
                    </literallayout>
                    Using the above form, here is an example:
                    <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ ssh -XY root@192.168.7.2
                    </literallayout>
                    After running the command, add the command to be
                    executed in Eclipse's run configuration before the
                    application as follows:
                    <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     export DISPLAY=:10.0
                    </literallayout>
                    Be sure to not destroy the connection during your QEMU
                    session (i.e. do not
                    exit out of or close that shell).
                </note>
                <orderedlist>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Select "Debug Configurations..." from the
                        "Run" menu.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        In the left area, expand
                        "C/C++Remote Application".
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Locate your project and select it to bring
                        up a new tabbed view in the Debug Configurations
                        Dialog.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Click on the "Debugger" tab to see the
                        cross-tool debugger you are using.
                        Be sure to change to the debugger perspective in
                        Eclipse.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Click on the "Main" tab.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Create a new connection to the QEMU instance
                        by clicking on "new".</para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>Select "SSH", which
                        means Secure Socket Shell and then click "OK".
                        Optionally, you can select a TCF connection
                        instead.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Clear out the "Connection name" field and
                        enter any name you want for the connection.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Put the IP address for the connection in
                        the "Host" field.
                        For QEMU, the default is "192.168.7.2".
                        However, if a previous QEMU session did not exit
                        cleanly, the IP address increments (e.g.
                        "192.168.7.3").
                        <note>
                            You can find the IP address for the current
                            QEMU session by looking in the xterm that
                            opens when you launch QEMU.
                        </note>
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Enter "root", which
                        is the default for QEMU, for the "User" field.
                        Be sure to leave the password field empty.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Click "Finish" to close the New Connections Dialog.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        If necessary, use the drop-down menu now in the
                        "Connection" field and pick the IP Address you
                        entered.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Assuming you are connecting as the root
                        user, which is the default for QEMU x86-64 SDK
                        images provided by the Yocto Project, in the
                        "Remote Absolute File Path for C/C++ Application"
                        field, browse to
                        <filename>/home/root/</filename><replaceable>ProjectName</replaceable>
                        (e.g. <filename>/home/root/hello</filename>).
                        You could also browse to any other path you have
                        write access to on the target such as
                        <filename>/usr/bin</filename>.
                        This location is where your application will be
                        located on the QEMU system.
                        If you fail to browse to and specify an appropriate
                        location, QEMU will not understand what to remotely
                        launch.
                        Eclipse is helpful in that it auto fills your
                        application name for you assuming you browsed to a
                        directory.
                        <note><title>Tips</title>
                            <itemizedlist>
                                <listitem><para>
                                    If you are prompted to provide a username
                                    and to optionally set a password, be sure
                                    you provide "root" as the username and you
                                    leave the password field blank.
                                    </para></listitem>
                                <listitem><para>
                                    If browsing to a directory fails or times
                                    out, but you can
                                    <filename>ssh</filename> into your QEMU
                                    or target from the command line and you
                                    have proxies set up, it is likely that
                                    Eclipse is sending the SSH traffic to a
                                    proxy.
                                    In this case, either use TCF , or click on
                                    "Configure proxy settings" in the
                                    connection dialog and add the target IP
                                    address to the "bypass proxy" section.
                                    You might also need to change
                                    "Active Provider" from Native to Manual.
                                    </para></listitem>
                            </itemizedlist>
                        </note>
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Be sure you change to the "Debug" perspective in
                        Eclipse.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Click "Debug"
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Accept the debug perspective.
                        </para></listitem>
                </orderedlist>
            </para>
        </section>

        <section id='oxygen-using-Linuxtools'>
            <title>Using Linuxtools</title>

            <para>
                As mentioned earlier in the manual, performance tools exist
                (Linuxtools) that enhance your development experience.
                These tools are aids in developing and debugging
                applications and images.
                You can run these tools from within the Eclipse IDE through
                the "Linuxtools" menu.
            </para>

            <para>
                For information on how to configure and use these tools,
                see
                <ulink url='http://www.eclipse.org/linuxtools/'>http://www.eclipse.org/linuxtools/</ulink>.
            </para>
        </section>
    </section>
</chapter>
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