poky/documentation/ref-manual/ref-system-requirements.xml

<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd"
[<!ENTITY % poky SYSTEM "../poky.ent"> %poky; ] >
<!--SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-2.0-UK-->

<chapter id='ref-manual-system-requirements'>
<title>System Requirements</title>

    <para>
        Welcome to the Yocto Project Reference Manual!
        This manual provides reference information for the current release
        of the Yocto Project, and
        is most effectively used after you have an understanding
        of the basics of the Yocto Project.
        The manual is neither meant to be read as a starting point to the
        Yocto Project, nor read from start to finish.
        Rather, use this manual to find variable definitions, class
        descriptions, and so forth as needed during the course of using
        the Yocto Project.
    </para>

    <para>
        For introductory information on the Yocto Project, see the
        <ulink url='&YOCTO_HOME_URL;'>Yocto Project Website</ulink> and the
        "<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_OM_URL;#overview-development-environment'>Yocto Project Development Environment</ulink>"
        chapter in the Yocto Project Overview and Concepts Manual.
    </para>

    <para>
        If you want to use the Yocto Project to quickly build an image
        without having to understand concepts, work through the
        <ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_BRIEF_URL;'>Yocto Project Quick Build</ulink>
        document.
        You can find "how-to" information in the
        <ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;'>Yocto Project Development Tasks Manual</ulink>.
        You can find Yocto Project overview and conceptual information in the
        <ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_OM_URL;'>Yocto Project Overview and Concepts Manual</ulink>.
        <note><title>Tip</title>
            For more information about the Yocto Project Documentation set,
            see the
            "<link linkend='resources-links-and-related-documentation'>Links and Related Documentation</link>"
            section.
        </note>
    </para>

    <section id='detailed-supported-distros'>
        <title>Supported Linux Distributions</title>

        <para>
            Currently, the Yocto Project is supported on the following
            distributions:
            <note><title>Notes</title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Yocto Project releases are tested against the stable
                        Linux distributions in the following list.
                        The Yocto Project should work on other distributions but
                        validation is not performed against them.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        In particular, the Yocto Project does not support
                        and currently has no plans to support
                        rolling-releases or development distributions due to
                        their constantly changing nature.
                        We welcome patches and bug reports, but keep in mind
                        that our priority is on the supported platforms listed
                        below.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        You may use Windows Subsystem For Linux v2 to set up a build
                        host using Windows 10, but validation is not performed
                        against build hosts using WSLv2.
                        <note>
                          The Yocto Project is not compatible with WSLv1, it is
                          compatible but not officially supported nor validated
                          with WSLv2, if you still decide to use WSL please upgrade
                          to WSLv2.
                        </note>
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        If you encounter problems, please go to
                        <ulink url='&YOCTO_BUGZILLA_URL;'>Yocto Project Bugzilla</ulink>
                        and submit a bug.
                        We are interested in hearing about your experience.
                        For information on how to submit a bug, see the
                        Yocto Project
                        <ulink url='&YOCTO_WIKI_URL;/wiki/Bugzilla_Configuration_and_Bug_Tracking'>Bugzilla wiki page</ulink>
                        and the
                        "<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#submitting-a-defect-against-the-yocto-project'>Submitting a Defect Against the Yocto Project</ulink>"
                        section in the Yocto Project Development Tasks Manual.
                        </para></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </note>
            <itemizedlist>
                <listitem><para>Ubuntu 16.04 (LTS)</para></listitem>
                <listitem><para>Ubuntu 18.04 (LTS)</para></listitem>
                <listitem><para>Ubuntu 19.04</para></listitem>
                <listitem><para>Fedora 28</para></listitem>
                <listitem><para>Fedora 29</para></listitem>
                <listitem><para>Fedora 30</para></listitem>
                <listitem><para>CentOS 7.x</para></listitem>
                <listitem><para>Debian GNU/Linux 8.x (Jessie)</para></listitem>
                <listitem><para>Debian GNU/Linux 9.x (Stretch)</para></listitem>
                <listitem><para>Debian GNU/Linux 10.x (Buster)</para></listitem>
                <listitem><para>OpenSUSE Leap 15.1</para></listitem>
            </itemizedlist>
        </para>

        <note>
            While the Yocto Project Team attempts to ensure all Yocto Project
            releases are one hundred percent compatible with each officially
            supported Linux distribution, instances might exist where you
            encounter a problem while using the Yocto Project on a specific
            distribution.
        </note>
    </section>

    <section id='required-packages-for-the-build-host'>
    <title>Required Packages for the Build Host</title>

        <para>
            The list of packages you need on the host development system can
            be large when covering all build scenarios using the Yocto Project.
            This section describes required packages according to
            Linux distribution and function.
        </para>

        <section id='ubuntu-packages'>
            <title>Ubuntu and Debian</title>

            <para>
                The following list shows the required packages by function
                given a supported Ubuntu or Debian Linux distribution:
                <note><title>Notes</title>
                    <itemizedlist>
                        <listitem><para>
                            If your build system has the
                            <filename>oss4-dev</filename> package installed, you
                            might experience QEMU build failures due to the package
                            installing its own custom
                            <filename>/usr/include/linux/soundcard.h</filename> on
                            the Debian system.
                            If you run into this situation, either of the following
                            solutions exist:
                            <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ sudo apt-get build-dep qemu
     $ sudo apt-get remove oss4-dev
                            </literallayout>
                        </para></listitem>
                        <listitem><para>
                            For Debian-8, <filename>python3-git</filename> and <filename>pylint3</filename> are no longer available via <filename>apt-get</filename>.
                            <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ sudo pip3 install GitPython pylint==1.9.5
                            </literallayout>
                        </para></listitem>
                    </itemizedlist>
                 </note>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><para><emphasis>Essentials:</emphasis>
                        Packages needed to build an image on a headless
                        system:
                        <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ sudo apt-get install &UBUNTU_HOST_PACKAGES_ESSENTIAL;
                        </literallayout></para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para><emphasis>Documentation:</emphasis>
                        Packages needed if you are going to build out the
                        Yocto Project documentation manuals:
                        <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ sudo apt-get install make xsltproc docbook-utils fop dblatex xmlto
                        </literallayout></para></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </para>
        </section>

        <section id='fedora-packages'>
            <title>Fedora Packages</title>

            <para>
                The following list shows the required packages by function
                given a supported Fedora Linux distribution:
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><para><emphasis>Essentials:</emphasis>
                        Packages needed to build an image for a headless
                        system:
                        <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ sudo dnf install &FEDORA_HOST_PACKAGES_ESSENTIAL;
                        </literallayout></para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para><emphasis>Documentation:</emphasis>
                        Packages needed if you are going to build out the
                        Yocto Project documentation manuals:
                        <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ sudo dnf install docbook-style-dsssl docbook-style-xsl \
     docbook-dtds docbook-utils fop libxslt dblatex xmlto
                        </literallayout></para></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </para>
        </section>

        <section id='opensuse-packages'>
            <title>openSUSE Packages</title>

            <para>
                The following list shows the required packages by function
                given a supported openSUSE Linux distribution:
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><para><emphasis>Essentials:</emphasis>
                        Packages needed to build an image for a headless
                        system:
                        <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ sudo zypper install &OPENSUSE_HOST_PACKAGES_ESSENTIAL;
                        </literallayout></para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para><emphasis>Documentation:</emphasis>
                        Packages needed if you are going to build out the
                        Yocto Project documentation manuals:
                        <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ sudo zypper install dblatex xmlto
                        </literallayout></para></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </para>
        </section>

        <section id='centos-7-packages'>
            <title>CentOS-7 Packages</title>

            <para>
                The following list shows the required packages by function
                given a supported CentOS-7 Linux distribution:
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><para><emphasis>Essentials:</emphasis>
                        Packages needed to build an image for a headless
                        system:
                        <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ sudo yum install &CENTOS7_HOST_PACKAGES_ESSENTIAL;
                        </literallayout>
                        <note><title>Notes</title>
                            <itemizedlist>
                                <listitem><para>
                                    Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux
                                    (i.e. <filename>epel-release</filename>)
                                    is a collection of packages from Fedora
                                    built on RHEL/CentOS for easy installation
                                    of packages not included in enterprise
                                    Linux by default.
                                    You need to install these packages
                                    separately.
                                </para></listitem>
                                <listitem><para>
                                    The <filename>makecache</filename> command
                                    consumes additional Metadata from
                                    <filename>epel-release</filename>.
                                </para></listitem>
                            </itemizedlist>
                        </note>
                    </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para><emphasis>Documentation:</emphasis>
                        Packages needed if you are going to build out the
                        Yocto Project documentation manuals:
                        <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ sudo yum install docbook-style-dsssl docbook-style-xsl \
     docbook-dtds docbook-utils fop libxslt dblatex xmlto
                        </literallayout>
                    </para></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </para>
        </section>

        <section id='centos-8-packages'>
            <title>CentOS-8 Packages</title>

            <para>
                The following list shows the required packages by function
                given a supported CentOS-8 Linux distribution:
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><para><emphasis>Essentials:</emphasis>
                        Packages needed to build an image for a headless
                        system:
                        <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ sudo dnf install &CENTOS8_HOST_PACKAGES_ESSENTIAL;
                        </literallayout>
                        <note><title>Notes</title>
                            <itemizedlist>
                                <listitem><para>
                                    Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux
                                    (i.e. <filename>epel-release</filename>)
                                    is a collection of packages from Fedora
                                    built on RHEL/CentOS for easy installation
                                    of packages not included in enterprise
                                    Linux by default.
                                    You need to install these packages
                                    separately.
                                </para></listitem>
                                <listitem><para>
                                    The <filename>PowerTools</filename> repo
                                    provides additional packages such as
                                    <filename>rpcgen</filename> and
                                    <filename>texinfo</filename>.
                                </para></listitem>
                                <listitem><para>
                                    The <filename>makecache</filename> command
                                    consumes additional Metadata from
                                    <filename>epel-release</filename>.
                                </para></listitem>
                            </itemizedlist>
                        </note>
                    </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para><emphasis>Documentation:</emphasis>
                        Packages needed if you are going to build out the
                        Yocto Project documentation manuals:
                        <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ sudo dnf install docbook-style-dsssl docbook-style-xsl \
     docbook-dtds docbook-utils fop libxslt dblatex xmlto
                        </literallayout>
                    </para></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </para>
        </section>
    </section>

    <section id='required-git-tar-python-and-gcc-versions'>
        <title>Required Git, tar, Python and gcc Versions</title>

        <para>
            In order to use the build system, your host development system
            must meet the following version requirements for Git, tar, and
            Python:
            <itemizedlist>
                <listitem><para>Git 1.8.3.1 or greater</para></listitem>
                <listitem><para>tar 1.28 or greater</para></listitem>
                <listitem><para>Python 3.5.0 or greater</para></listitem>
            </itemizedlist>
        </para>

        <para>
            If your host development system does not meet all these requirements,
            you can resolve this by installing a <filename>buildtools</filename>
            tarball that contains these tools.
            You can get the tarball one of two ways: download a pre-built
            tarball or use BitBake to build the tarball.
        </para>

        <para>
            In addition, your host development system must meet the following
            version requirement for gcc:
            <itemizedlist>
                <listitem><para>gcc 5.0 or greater</para></listitem>
            </itemizedlist>
        </para>

        <para>
            If your host development system does not meet this requirement,
            you can resolve this by installing a <filename>buildtools-extended</filename>
            tarball that contains additional tools, the equivalent of <filename>buildtools-essential</filename>.
        </para>
        <section id='installing-a-pre-built-buildtools-tarball-with-install-buildtools-script'>
            <title>Installing a Pre-Built <filename>buildtools</filename> Tarball with <filename>install-buildtools</filename> script</title>

            <para>
                The <filename>install-buildtools</filename> script is the easiest
                of the three methods by which you can get these tools. It downloads
                a pre-built buildtools installer and automatically installs the tools
                for you:
            <orderedlist>
                <listitem><para>
                    Execute the <filename>install-buildtools</filename> script.
                    Here is an example:
                    <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ cd poky
     $ scripts/install-buildtools --without-extended-buildtools \
       --base-url &YOCTO_DL_URL;/releases/yocto \
       --release yocto-&DISTRO; \
       --installer-version &DISTRO;
                    </literallayout>
                    <para>
                        During execution, the buildtools tarball will be downloaded,
                        the checksum of the download will be verified, the installer
                        will be run for you, and some basic checks will be run to
                        to make sure the installation is functional.
                    </para>
                    <para>
                        To avoid the need of <filename>sudo</filename> privileges,
                        the <filename>install-buildtools</filename> script will
                        by default tell the installer to install in:
                        <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     <replaceable>/path/to/</replaceable>poky/buildtools
                        </literallayout>
                    </para>
                    <para>
                        If your host development system needs the additional tools
                        provided in the <filename>buildtools-extended</filename>
                        tarball, you can instead execute the
                        <filename>install-buildtools</filename> script with the
                        default parameters:
                        <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ cd poky
     $ scripts/install-buildtools
                        </literallayout>
                    </para>
                </para></listitem>
                <listitem><para>
                    Source the tools environment setup script by using a
                    command like the following:
                    <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ source <replaceable>/path/to/</replaceable>poky/buildtools/environment-setup-x86_64-pokysdk-linux
                    </literallayout>
                    Of course, you need to supply your installation directory and be
                    sure to use the right file (i.e. i586 or x86_64).
                </para>
                <para>
                    After you have sourced the setup script,
                    the tools are added to <filename>PATH</filename>
                    and any other environment variables required to run the
                    tools are initialized.
                    The results are working versions versions of Git, tar,
                    Python and <filename>chrpath</filename>. And in the case of
                    the <filename>buildtools-extended</filename> tarball, additional
                    working versions of tools including <filename>gcc</filename>,
                    <filename>make</filename> and the other tools included in
                    <filename>packagegroup-core-buildessential</filename>.
                </para></listitem>
            </orderedlist>
            </para>
        </section>

        <section id='downloading-a-pre-built-buildtools-tarball'>
            <title>Downloading a Pre-Built <filename>buildtools</filename> Tarball</title>

            <para>
                Downloading and running a pre-built buildtools installer is
                the easiest of the two methods by which you can get these tools:
                <orderedlist>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Locate and download the <filename>*.sh</filename> at
                        <ulink url='&YOCTO_RELEASE_DL_URL;/buildtools/'></ulink>.
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Execute the installation script.
                        Here is an example for the traditional installer:
                        <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ sh ~/Downloads/x86_64-buildtools-nativesdk-standalone-&DISTRO;.sh
                        </literallayout>
                        Here is an example for the extended installer:
                        <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ sh ~/Downloads/x86_64-buildtools-extended-nativesdk-standalone-&DISTRO;.sh
                        </literallayout>
                        During execution, a prompt appears that allows you to
                        choose the installation directory.
                        For example, you could choose the following:
                        <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     /home/<replaceable>your-username</replaceable>/buildtools
                        </literallayout>
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Source the tools environment setup script by using a
                        command like the following:
                        <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ source /home/<replaceable>your_username</replaceable>/buildtools/environment-setup-i586-poky-linux
                        </literallayout>
                        Of course, you need to supply your installation directory and be
                        sure to use the right file (i.e. i585 or x86-64).
                        </para>
                        <para>
                        After you have sourced the setup script,
                        the tools are added to <filename>PATH</filename>
                        and any other environment variables required to run the
                        tools are initialized.
                        The results are working versions versions of Git, tar,
                        Python and <filename>chrpath</filename>. And in the case of
                        the <filename>buildtools-extended</filename> tarball, additional
                        working versions of tools including <filename>gcc</filename>,
                        <filename>make</filename> and the other tools included in
                        <filename>packagegroup-core-buildessential</filename>.
                        </para></listitem>
                </orderedlist>
            </para>
        </section>

        <section id='building-your-own-buildtools-tarball'>
            <title>Building Your Own <filename>buildtools</filename> Tarball</title>

            <para>
                Building and running your own buildtools installer applies
                only when you have a build host that can already run BitBake.
                In this case, you use that machine to build the
                <filename>.sh</filename> file and then
                take steps to transfer and run it on a
                machine that does not meet the minimal Git, tar, and Python
                (or gcc) requirements.
            </para>

            <para>
                Here are the steps to take to build and run your own
                buildtools installer:
                <orderedlist>
                    <listitem><para>
                        On the machine that is able to run BitBake,
                        be sure you have set up your build environment with
                        the setup script
                        (<link linkend='structure-core-script'><filename>&OE_INIT_FILE;</filename></link>).
                        </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Run the BitBake command to build the tarball:
                        <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ bitbake buildtools-tarball
                        </literallayout>
                        or run the BitBake command to build the extended tarball:
                        <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ bitbake buildtools-extended-tarball
                        </literallayout>
                        <note>
                        The
                        <link linkend='var-SDKMACHINE'><filename>SDKMACHINE</filename></link>
                        variable in your <filename>local.conf</filename> file
                        determines whether you build tools for a 32-bit
                        or 64-bit system.
                       </note>
                       Once the build completes, you can find the
                       <filename>.sh</filename> file that installs
                       the tools in the <filename>tmp/deploy/sdk</filename>
                       subdirectory of the
                       <link linkend='build-directory'>Build Directory</link>.
                       The installer file has the string "buildtools"
                       (or "buildtools-extended") in the name.
                       </para></listitem>
                   <listitem><para>
                       Transfer the <filename>.sh</filename> file from the
                       build host to the machine that does not meet the
                       Git, tar, or Python (or gcc) requirements.
                       </para></listitem>
                   <listitem><para>
                       On the machine that does not meet the requirements,
                       run the <filename>.sh</filename> file
                       to install the tools.
                       Here is an example for the traditional installer:
                       <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ sh ~/Downloads/x86_64-buildtools-nativesdk-standalone-&DISTRO;.sh
                       </literallayout>
                       Here is an example for the extended installer:
                       <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ sh ~/Downloads/x86_64-buildtools-extended-nativesdk-standalone-&DISTRO;.sh
                       </literallayout>
                       During execution, a prompt appears that allows you to
                       choose the installation directory.
                       For example, you could choose the following:
                       <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     /home/<replaceable>your_username</replaceable>/buildtools
                       </literallayout>
                       </para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para>
                        Source the tools environment setup script by using a
                        command like the following:
                        <literallayout class='monospaced'>
     $ source /home/<replaceable>your_username</replaceable>/buildtools/environment-setup-x86_64-poky-linux
                        </literallayout>
                        Of course, you need to supply your installation directory and be
                        sure to use the right file (i.e. i586 or x86_64).
                        </para>
                        <para>
                        After you have sourced the setup script,
                        the tools are added to <filename>PATH</filename>
                        and any other environment variables required to run the
                        tools are initialized.
                        The results are working versions versions of Git, tar,
                        Python and <filename>chrpath</filename>. And in the case of
                        the <filename>buildtools-extended</filename> tarball, additional
                        working versions of tools including <filename>gcc</filename>,
                        <filename>make</filename> and the other tools included in
                        <filename>packagegroup-core-buildessential</filename>.
                        </para></listitem>
                </orderedlist>
            </para>
        </section>
    </section>
</chapter>
<!--
vim: expandtab tw=80 ts=4
-->