attn/attn_logging.cpp - openbmc/openpower-hw-diags - Gitiles

 #include <unistd.h>

 #include <analyzer/analyzer_main.hpp>
 #include <attn/attn_common.hpp>
 #include <attn/attn_dbus.hpp>
 #include <attn/attn_dump.hpp>
 #include <attn/attn_logging.hpp>
 #include <attn/pel/pel_minimal.hpp>
 #include <phosphor-logging/log.hpp>

 namespace attn
 {

 /** @brief Journal entry of type INFO using phosphor logging */
 template <>
 void trace<INFO>(const char* i_message)
 {
     phosphor::logging::log<phosphor::logging::level::INFO>(i_message);
 }

 template <>
 void trace<ERROR>(const char* i_message)
 {
     phosphor::logging::log<phosphor::logging::level::ERR>(i_message);
 }

 /** @brief Tuple containing information about ffdc files */
 using FFDCTuple =
     std::tuple<util::FFDCFormat, uint8_t, uint8_t, sdbusplus::message::unix_fd>;

 /** @brief Gather messages from the journal */
 std::vector<std::string> sdjGetMessages(const std::string& field,
                                         const std::string& fieldValue,
                                         unsigned int max);

 /**
  * Create FFDCTuple objects corresponding to the specified FFDC files.
  *
  * The D-Bus method to create an error log requires a vector of tuples to
  * pass in the FFDC file information.
  *
  * @param   files - FFDC files
  * @return  vector of FFDCTuple objects
  */
 std::vector<FFDCTuple>
     createFFDCTuples(const std::vector<util::FFDCFile>& files)
 {
     std::vector<FFDCTuple> ffdcTuples{};
     util::transformFFDC(files, ffdcTuples);

     return ffdcTuples;
 }

 /**
  * @brief Create an FFDCFile object containing raw data
  *
  * Throws an exception if an error occurs.
  *
  * @param   i_buffer - raw data to add to ffdc faw data file
  * @param   i_size - size of the raw data
  * @return  FFDCFile object
  */
 util::FFDCFile createFFDCRawFile(void* i_buffer, size_t i_size)
 {
     util::FFDCFile file{util::FFDCFormat::Custom};

     // Write buffer to file and then reset file description file offset
     int fd          = file.getFileDescriptor();
     size_t numBytes = write(fd, static_cast<char*>(i_buffer), i_size);
     if (i_size != numBytes)
     {
         std::stringstream traceMsg;
         traceMsg << file.getPath().c_str() << " only " << (int)numBytes
                  << " of " << (int)i_size << " bytes written";
         auto strobj = traceMsg.str();
         trace<level::ERROR>(strobj.c_str());
     }

     lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);

     return file;
 }

 /**
  * @brief Create an FFDCFile object containing the specified lines of text data
  *
  * Throws an exception if an error occurs.
  *
  * @param   lines - lines of text data to write to file
  * @return  FFDCFile object
  */
 util::FFDCFile createFFDCTraceFile(const std::vector<std::string>& lines)
 {
     // Create FFDC file of type Text
     util::FFDCFile file{util::FFDCFormat::Text};
     int fd = file.getFileDescriptor();

     // Write FFDC lines to file
     std::string buffer;
     for (const std::string& line : lines)
     {
         // Copy line to buffer.  Add newline if necessary.
         buffer = line;
         if (line.empty() || (line.back() != '\n'))
         {
             buffer += '\n';
         }

         // write buffer to file
         size_t numBytes = write(fd, buffer.c_str(), buffer.size());
         if (buffer.size() != numBytes)
         {
             std::stringstream traceMsg;
             traceMsg << file.getPath().c_str() << " only " << (int)numBytes
                      << " of " << (int)buffer.size() << " bytes written";
             auto strobj = traceMsg.str();
             trace<level::ERROR>(strobj.c_str());
         }
     }

     // Seek to beginning of file so error logging system can read data
     lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);

     return file;
 }

 /**
  * Create FDDC files from journal messages of relevant executables
  *
  * Parse the system journal looking for log entries created by the executables
  * of interest for logging. For each of these entries create a ffdc trace file
  * that will be used to create ffdc log entries. These files will be pushed
  * onto the stack of ffdc files.
  *
  * @param   i_files - vector of ffdc files that will become log entries
  */
 void createFFDCTraceFiles(std::vector<util::FFDCFile>& i_files)
 {
     // Executables of interest
     std::vector<std::string> executables{"openpower-hw-diags"};

     for (const std::string& executable : executables)
     {
         try
         {
             // get journal messages
             std::vector<std::string> messages =
                 sdjGetMessages("SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER", executable, 30);

             // Create FFDC file containing the journal messages
             if (!messages.empty())
             {
                 i_files.emplace_back(createFFDCTraceFile(messages));
             }
         }
         catch (const std::exception& e)
         {
             trace<level::INFO>("createFFDCTraceFiles exception");
             std::string traceMsg = std::string(e.what(), maxTraceLen);
             trace<level::INFO>(traceMsg.c_str());
         }
     }
 }

 /**
  * Create FFDCFile objects containing debug data to store in the error log.
  *
  * If an error occurs, the error is written to the journal but an exception
  * is not thrown.
  *
  * @param   i_buffer - raw data (if creating raw dump ffdc entry in log)
  * @return  vector of FFDCFile objects
  */
 std::vector<util::FFDCFile> createFFDCFiles(char* i_buffer = nullptr,
                                             size_t i_size  = 0)
 {
     std::vector<util::FFDCFile> files{};

     // Create raw dump file
     if ((nullptr != i_buffer) && (0 != i_size))
     {
         files.emplace_back(createFFDCRawFile(i_buffer, i_size));
     }

     // Create trace dump file
     createFFDCTraceFiles(files);

     return files;
 }

 /**
  * Create a PEL from an existing PEL
  *
  * Create a new PEL based on the specified raw PEL and submit the new PEL
  * to the backend logging code as a raw PEL. Note that  additional data map
  * here contains data to be committed to the PEL and it can also be used to
  * create the PEL as it contains needed information.
  *
  * @param   i_rawPel - buffer containing a raw PEL
  * @param   i_additional - additional data to be added to the new PEL
  */
 void createPelCustom(std::vector<uint8_t>& i_rawPel,
                      std::map<std::string, std::string> i_additional)
 {
     // create PEL object from buffer
     auto tiPel = std::make_unique<pel::PelMinimal>(i_rawPel);

     // The additional data contains the TI info as well as the value for the
     // subystem that provided the TI info. Get the subystem from additional
     // data and then populate the prmary SRC and SRC words for the custom PEL
     // based on the sybsystem's TI info.
     uint8_t subsystem = std::stoi(i_additional["Subsystem"]);
     tiPel->setSubsystem(subsystem);

     // If recoverable attentions are active we will call the analyzer and
     // then link the custom pel to analyzer pel.
     std::map<std::string, std::string>::iterator it;
     it = i_additional.find("recoverables");
     if (it != i_additional.end() && "true" == it->second)
     {
         DumpParameters dumpParameters;
         auto plid = analyzer::analyzeHardware(
             analyzer::AnalysisType::TERMINATE_IMMEDIATE, dumpParameters);
         if (0 != plid)
         {
             // Link the PLID if an attention was found and a PEL was generated.
             tiPel->setPlid(plid);
         }
     }

     if (static_cast<uint8_t>(pel::SubsystemID::hypervisor) == subsystem)
     {
         // populate hypervisor SRC words
         tiPel->setSrcWords(std::array<uint32_t, pel::numSrcWords>{
             (uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x10 SRC Word 12"], 0, 16),
             (uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x14 SRC Word 13"], 0, 16),
             (uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x18 SRC Word 14"], 0, 16),
             (uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x1c SRC Word 15"], 0, 16),
             (uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x20 SRC Word 16"], 0, 16),
             (uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x24 SRC Word 17"], 0, 16),
             (uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x28 SRC Word 18"], 0, 16),
             (uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x2c SRC Word 19"], 0, 16)});

         // Populate phyp primary SRC

         // char array for raw pel src
         std::array<char, pel::asciiStringSize> srcChars{'0'};

         // src from TI info
         std::string srcString = i_additional["SrcAscii"];

         // copy from string to char array
         srcString.copy(srcChars.data(),
                        std::min(srcString.size(), pel::asciiStringSize), 0);

         tiPel->setAsciiString(srcChars); // pel object src is char array

         // set symptom-id
         auto symptomId = (i_additional["SrcAscii"].substr(0, 8) + '_');

         symptomId += (i_additional["0x10 SRC Word 12"]);
         symptomId += (i_additional["0x14 SRC Word 13"] + '_');
         symptomId += (i_additional["0x18 SRC Word 14"]);
         symptomId += (i_additional["0x1c SRC Word 15"] + '_');
         symptomId += (i_additional["0x20 SRC Word 16"]);
         symptomId += (i_additional["0x24 SRC Word 17"] + '_');
         symptomId += (i_additional["0x28 SRC Word 18"]);
         symptomId += (i_additional["0x2c SRC Word 19"]);

         // setSymptomId will take care of required null-terminate and padding
         tiPel->setSymptomId(symptomId);
     }
     else
     {
         // Populate hostboot SRC words - note HB word 0 from the shared info
         // data (additional data "0x10 HB Word") is reflected in the PEL as
         // "reason code" so we zero it here. Also note that the first word
         // in this group of words starts at word 0 and word 1 does not exits.
         tiPel->setSrcWords(std::array<uint32_t, pel::numSrcWords>{
             (uint32_t)0x00000000,
             (uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x14 HB Word 2"], 0, 16),
             (uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x18 HB Word 3"], 0, 16),
             (uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x1c HB Word 4"], 0, 16),
             (uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x20 HB Word 5"], 0, 16),
             (uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x24 HB Word 6"], 0, 16),
             (uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x28 HB Word 7"], 0, 16),
             (uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x2c HB Word 8"], 0, 16)});

         // Populate hostboot primary SRC

         // char array for raw pel src
         std::array<char, pel::asciiStringSize> srcChars{'0'};

         // src from TI info
         std::string srcString = i_additional["SrcAscii"];

         // copy from string to char array
         srcString.copy(srcChars.data(),
                        std::min(srcString.size(), pel::asciiStringSize), 0);

         tiPel->setAsciiString(srcChars); // pel object src is char array

         // set symptom-id
         auto symptomId = (i_additional["SrcAscii"].substr(0, 8) + '_');

         symptomId += (i_additional["0x10 HB Word 0"]);       // note: word 1
         symptomId += (i_additional["0x14 HB Word 2"] + '_'); // does not exist
         symptomId += (i_additional["0x18 HB Word 3"]);
         symptomId += (i_additional["0x1c HB Word 4"] + '_');
         symptomId += (i_additional["0x20 HB Word 5"]);
         symptomId += (i_additional["0x24 HB Word 6"] + '_');
         symptomId += (i_additional["0x28 HB Word 7"]);
         symptomId += (i_additional["0x2c HB Word 8"]);

         // setSymptomId will take care of required null-terminate and padding
         tiPel->setSymptomId(symptomId);
     }

     // set severity, event type and action flags
     tiPel->setSeverity(static_cast<uint8_t>(pel::Severity::termination));
     tiPel->setType(static_cast<uint8_t>(pel::EventType::na));
     tiPel->setAction(static_cast<uint16_t>(pel::ActionFlags::service |
                                            pel::ActionFlags::report |
                                            pel::ActionFlags::call));

     // The raw PEL that we used as the basis for this custom PEL contains the
     // attention handler trace data and does not needed to be in this PEL so
     // we remove it here.
     tiPel->setSectionCount(tiPel->getSectionCount() - 1);

     // Update the raw PEL with the new custom PEL data
     tiPel->raw(i_rawPel);

     // create PEL from raw data
     createPelRaw(i_rawPel);
 }

 /**
  * Log an event handled by the attention handler
  *
  * Basic (non TI) events will generate a standard message-registry based PEL
  *
  * TI events will create two PEL's. One PEL will be informational and will
  * contain trace information relevent to attention handler. The second PEL
  * will be specific to the TI type (including the primary SRC) and will be
  * based off of the TI information provided to the attention handler through
  * shared TI info data area.
  *
  * @param  i_event - The event type
  * @param  i_additional - Additional PEL data
  * @param  i_ffdc - FFDC PEL data
  * @return Event log Id (0 if no event log generated)
  */
 uint32_t event(EventType i_event,
                std::map<std::string, std::string>& i_additional,
                const std::vector<util::FFDCFile>& i_ffdc)
 {
     uint32_t pelId = 0; // assume no event log generated

     bool eventValid = false; // assume no event created
     bool tiEvent    = false; // assume not a terminate event

     std::string eventName;

     switch (i_event)
     {
         case EventType::Checkstop:
             eventName  = "org.open_power.HwDiags.Error.Checkstop";
             eventValid = true;
             break;
         case EventType::Terminate:
             eventName  = "org.open_power.Attn.Error.Terminate";
             eventValid = true;
             tiEvent    = true;
             break;
         case EventType::Vital:
             eventName  = "org.open_power.Attn.Error.Vital";
             eventValid = true;
             break;
         case EventType::HwDiagsFail:
         case EventType::AttentionFail:
             eventName  = "org.open_power.Attn.Error.Fail";
             eventValid = true;
             break;
         case EventType::PhalSbeChipop:
             eventName  = "org.open_power.Processor.Error.SbeChipOpFailure";
             eventValid = true;
             break;
         default:
             eventValid = false;
             break;
     }

     if (true == eventValid)
     {
         // Create PEL with additional data and FFDC data. The newly created
         // PEL's platform log-id will be returned.
         pelId = createPel(eventName, i_additional, createFFDCTuples(i_ffdc));

         // If this is a TI event we will create an additional PEL that is
         // specific to the subsystem that generated the TI.
         if ((0 != pelId) && (true == tiEvent))
         {
             // get file descriptor and size of information PEL
             int pelFd = getPel(pelId);

             // if PEL found, read into buffer
             if (-1 != pelFd)
             {
                 auto pelSize = lseek(pelFd, 0, SEEK_END);
                 lseek(pelFd, 0, SEEK_SET);

                 // read information PEL into buffer
                 std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(pelSize);
                 size_t numBytes = read(pelFd, buffer.data(), buffer.size());
                 if (buffer.size() != numBytes)
                 {
                     std::stringstream traceMsg;
                     traceMsg << "Error reading event log: " << (int)numBytes
                              << " of " << (int)buffer.size() << " bytes read";
                     auto strobj = traceMsg.str();
                     trace<level::ERROR>(strobj.c_str());
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     // create PEL from buffer
                     createPelCustom(buffer, i_additional);
                 }

                 close(pelFd);
             }

             uint8_t subsystem = std::stoi(i_additional["Subsystem"]);

             // If not hypervisor TI
             if (static_cast<uint8_t>(pel::SubsystemID::hypervisor) != subsystem)
             {
                 // Request a dump and transition the host
                 if ("true" == i_additional["Dump"])
                 {
                     // will not return until dump is complete
                     requestDump(pelId, DumpParameters{0, DumpType::Hostboot});
                 }
             }
         }
     }
     return pelId;
 }

 /**
  * Commit special attention TI event to log
  *
  * Create a event log with provided additional information and standard
  * FFDC data plus TI FFDC data
  *
  * @param i_additional - Additional log data
  * @param i_ti_InfoData - TI FFDC data
  */
 void eventTerminate(std::map<std::string, std::string> i_additionalData,
                     char* i_tiInfoData)
 {

     uint32_t tiInfoSize = 0; // assume TI info was not available

     if (nullptr != i_tiInfoData)
     {
         tiInfoSize = 56; // assume not hypervisor TI

         uint8_t subsystem = std::stoi(i_additionalData["Subsystem"]);

         // If hypervisor
         if (static_cast<uint8_t>(pel::SubsystemID::hypervisor) == subsystem)
         {
             tiInfoSize = 1024; // assume hypervisor max

             // hypervisor may just want some of the data
             if (0 == (*(i_tiInfoData + 0x09) & 0x01))
             {
                 uint32_t* additionalLength = (uint32_t*)(i_tiInfoData + 0x50);
                 uint32_t tiAdditional      = be32toh(*additionalLength);
                 tiInfoSize = std::min(tiInfoSize, (84 + tiAdditional));
             }
         }
     }

     std::string traceMsg = "TI info size = " + std::to_string(tiInfoSize);
     trace<level::INFO>(traceMsg.c_str());

     event(EventType::Terminate, i_additionalData,
           createFFDCFiles(i_tiInfoData, tiInfoSize));
 }

 /** @brief Commit SBE vital event to log, returns event log ID */
 uint32_t eventVital()
 {
     // Additional data for log
     std::map<std::string, std::string> additionalData;

     // Create log event with additional data and FFDC data
     return event(EventType::Vital, additionalData, createFFDCFiles(nullptr, 0));
 }

 /**
  * Commit attention handler failure event to log
  *
  * Create an event log containing the specified error code.
  *
  * @param i_error - Error code
  */
 void eventAttentionFail(int i_error)
 {
     // Additional data for log
     std::map<std::string, std::string> additionalData;
     additionalData["ERROR_CODE"] = std::to_string(i_error);

     // Create log event with additional data and FFDC data
     event(EventType::AttentionFail, additionalData,
           createFFDCFiles(nullptr, 0));
 }

 /**
  * Commit SBE timeout event to log
  *
  * Create an event log indicating an SBE operation timed out.
  *
  * @param proc - processor that encountered the error
  */
 void eventPhalSbeChipop(uint32_t proc)
 {
     trace<level::ERROR>("SBE error while getting TI info");

     // report proc number in event log entry
     std::map<std::string, std::string> additionalData;
     additionalData.emplace("SRC6", std::to_string(proc << 16));

     // create event with additional data and no ffdc
     event(EventType::PhalSbeChipop, additionalData,
           createFFDCFiles(nullptr, 0));
 }

 /**
  * Parse systemd journal message field
  *
  * Parse the journal looking for the specified field and return the journal
  * data for that field.
  *
  * @param  journal - The journal to parse
  * @param  field - Field containing the data to retrieve
  * @return Data for the speciefied field
  */
 std::string sdjGetFieldValue(sd_journal* journal, const char* field)
 {
     const char* data{nullptr};
     size_t length{0};

     // get field value
     if (0 == sd_journal_get_data(journal, field, (const void**)&data, &length))
     {
         size_t prefix{0};

         // The data returned  by sd_journal_get_data will be prefixed with the
         // field name and "="
         const void* eq = memchr(data, '=', length);
         if (nullptr != eq)
         {
             // get just data following the "="
             prefix = (const char*)eq - data + 1;
         }
         else
         {
             // all the data (should not happen)
             prefix = 0;
             std::string value{}; // empty string
         }

         return std::string{data + prefix, length - prefix};
     }
     else
     {
         return std::string{}; // empty string
     }
 }

 /**
  * Gather messages from the journal
  *
  * Fetch journal entry data for all entries with the specified field equal to
  * the specified value.
  *
  * @param   field - Field to search on
  * @param   fieldValue -  Value to search for
  * @param   max - Maximum number of messages fetch
  * @return  Vector of journal entry data
  */
 std::vector<std::string> sdjGetMessages(const std::string& field,
                                         const std::string& fieldValue,
                                         unsigned int max)
 {
     sd_journal* journal;
     std::vector<std::string> messages;

     if (0 == sd_journal_open(&journal, SD_JOURNAL_LOCAL_ONLY))
     {
         SD_JOURNAL_FOREACH_BACKWARDS(journal)
         {
             // Get input field
             std::string value = sdjGetFieldValue(journal, field.c_str());

             // Compare field value and read data
             if (value == fieldValue)
             {
                 // Get SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER field (process that logged message)
                 std::string syslog =
                     sdjGetFieldValue(journal, "SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER");

                 // Get _PID field
                 std::string pid = sdjGetFieldValue(journal, "_PID");

                 // Get MESSAGE field
                 std::string message = sdjGetFieldValue(journal, "MESSAGE");

                 // Get timestamp
                 uint64_t usec{0};
                 if (0 == sd_journal_get_realtime_usec(journal, &usec))
                 {

                     // Convert realtime microseconds to date format
                     char dateBuffer[80];
                     std::string date;
                     std::time_t timeInSecs = usec / 1000000;
                     strftime(dateBuffer, sizeof(dateBuffer), "%b %d %H:%M:%S",
                              std::localtime(&timeInSecs));
                     date = dateBuffer;

                     // Store value to messages
                     value = date + " " + syslog + "[" + pid + "]: " + message;
                     messages.insert(messages.begin(), value);
                 }
             }

             // limit maximum number of messages
             if (messages.size() >= max)
             {
                 break;
             }
         }

         sd_journal_close(journal); // close journal when done
     }

     return messages;
 }

 } // namespace attn
	#include <unistd.h>

	#include <analyzer/analyzer_main.hpp>
	#include <attn/attn_common.hpp>
	#include <attn/attn_dbus.hpp>
	#include <attn/attn_dump.hpp>
	#include <attn/attn_logging.hpp>
	#include <attn/pel/pel_minimal.hpp>
	#include <phosphor-logging/log.hpp>

	namespace attn
	{

	/** @brief Journal entry of type INFO using phosphor logging */
	template <>
	void trace<INFO>(const char* i_message)
	{
	phosphor::logging::log<phosphor::logging::level::INFO>(i_message);
	}

	template <>
	void trace<ERROR>(const char* i_message)
	{
	phosphor::logging::log<phosphor::logging::level::ERR>(i_message);
	}

	/** @brief Tuple containing information about ffdc files */
	using FFDCTuple =
	std::tuple<util::FFDCFormat, uint8_t, uint8_t, sdbusplus::message::unix_fd>;

	/** @brief Gather messages from the journal */
	std::vector<std::string> sdjGetMessages(const std::string& field,
	const std::string& fieldValue,
	unsigned int max);

	/**
	* Create FFDCTuple objects corresponding to the specified FFDC files.
	*
	* The D-Bus method to create an error log requires a vector of tuples to
	* pass in the FFDC file information.
	*
	* @param files - FFDC files
	* @return vector of FFDCTuple objects
	*/
	std::vector<FFDCTuple>
	createFFDCTuples(const std::vector<util::FFDCFile>& files)
	{
	std::vector<FFDCTuple> ffdcTuples{};
	util::transformFFDC(files, ffdcTuples);

	return ffdcTuples;
	}

	/**
	* @brief Create an FFDCFile object containing raw data
	*
	* Throws an exception if an error occurs.
	*
	* @param i_buffer - raw data to add to ffdc faw data file
	* @param i_size - size of the raw data
	* @return FFDCFile object
	*/
	util::FFDCFile createFFDCRawFile(void* i_buffer, size_t i_size)
	{
	util::FFDCFile file{util::FFDCFormat::Custom};

	// Write buffer to file and then reset file description file offset
	int fd = file.getFileDescriptor();
	size_t numBytes = write(fd, static_cast<char*>(i_buffer), i_size);
	if (i_size != numBytes)
	{
	std::stringstream traceMsg;
	traceMsg << file.getPath().c_str() << " only " << (int)numBytes
	<< " of " << (int)i_size << " bytes written";
	auto strobj = traceMsg.str();
	trace<level::ERROR>(strobj.c_str());
	}

	lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);

	return file;
	}

	/**
	* @brief Create an FFDCFile object containing the specified lines of text data
	*
	* Throws an exception if an error occurs.
	*
	* @param lines - lines of text data to write to file
	* @return FFDCFile object
	*/
	util::FFDCFile createFFDCTraceFile(const std::vector<std::string>& lines)
	{
	// Create FFDC file of type Text
	util::FFDCFile file{util::FFDCFormat::Text};
	int fd = file.getFileDescriptor();

	// Write FFDC lines to file
	std::string buffer;
	for (const std::string& line : lines)
	{
	// Copy line to buffer. Add newline if necessary.
	buffer = line;
	if (line.empty() \|\| (line.back() != '\n'))
	{
	buffer += '\n';
	}

	// write buffer to file
	size_t numBytes = write(fd, buffer.c_str(), buffer.size());
	if (buffer.size() != numBytes)
	{
	std::stringstream traceMsg;
	traceMsg << file.getPath().c_str() << " only " << (int)numBytes
	<< " of " << (int)buffer.size() << " bytes written";
	auto strobj = traceMsg.str();
	trace<level::ERROR>(strobj.c_str());
	}
	}

	// Seek to beginning of file so error logging system can read data
	lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);

	return file;
	}

	/**
	* Create FDDC files from journal messages of relevant executables
	*
	* Parse the system journal looking for log entries created by the executables
	* of interest for logging. For each of these entries create a ffdc trace file
	* that will be used to create ffdc log entries. These files will be pushed
	* onto the stack of ffdc files.
	*
	* @param i_files - vector of ffdc files that will become log entries
	*/
	void createFFDCTraceFiles(std::vector<util::FFDCFile>& i_files)
	{
	// Executables of interest
	std::vector<std::string> executables{"openpower-hw-diags"};

	for (const std::string& executable : executables)
	{
	try
	{
	// get journal messages
	std::vector<std::string> messages =
	sdjGetMessages("SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER", executable, 30);

	// Create FFDC file containing the journal messages
	if (!messages.empty())
	{
	i_files.emplace_back(createFFDCTraceFile(messages));
	}
	}
	catch (const std::exception& e)
	{
	trace<level::INFO>("createFFDCTraceFiles exception");
	std::string traceMsg = std::string(e.what(), maxTraceLen);
	trace<level::INFO>(traceMsg.c_str());
	}
	}
	}

	/**
	* Create FFDCFile objects containing debug data to store in the error log.
	*
	* If an error occurs, the error is written to the journal but an exception
	* is not thrown.
	*
	* @param i_buffer - raw data (if creating raw dump ffdc entry in log)
	* @return vector of FFDCFile objects
	*/
	std::vector<util::FFDCFile> createFFDCFiles(char* i_buffer = nullptr,
	size_t i_size = 0)
	{
	std::vector<util::FFDCFile> files{};

	// Create raw dump file
	if ((nullptr != i_buffer) && (0 != i_size))
	{
	files.emplace_back(createFFDCRawFile(i_buffer, i_size));
	}

	// Create trace dump file
	createFFDCTraceFiles(files);

	return files;
	}

	/**
	* Create a PEL from an existing PEL
	*
	* Create a new PEL based on the specified raw PEL and submit the new PEL
	* to the backend logging code as a raw PEL. Note that additional data map
	* here contains data to be committed to the PEL and it can also be used to
	* create the PEL as it contains needed information.
	*
	* @param i_rawPel - buffer containing a raw PEL
	* @param i_additional - additional data to be added to the new PEL
	*/
	void createPelCustom(std::vector<uint8_t>& i_rawPel,
	std::map<std::string, std::string> i_additional)
	{
	// create PEL object from buffer
	auto tiPel = std::make_unique<pel::PelMinimal>(i_rawPel);

	// The additional data contains the TI info as well as the value for the
	// subystem that provided the TI info. Get the subystem from additional
	// data and then populate the prmary SRC and SRC words for the custom PEL
	// based on the sybsystem's TI info.
	uint8_t subsystem = std::stoi(i_additional["Subsystem"]);
	tiPel->setSubsystem(subsystem);

	// If recoverable attentions are active we will call the analyzer and
	// then link the custom pel to analyzer pel.
	std::map<std::string, std::string>::iterator it;
	it = i_additional.find("recoverables");
	if (it != i_additional.end() && "true" == it->second)
	{
	DumpParameters dumpParameters;
	auto plid = analyzer::analyzeHardware(
	analyzer::AnalysisType::TERMINATE_IMMEDIATE, dumpParameters);
	if (0 != plid)
	{
	// Link the PLID if an attention was found and a PEL was generated.
	tiPel->setPlid(plid);
	}
	}

	if (static_cast<uint8_t>(pel::SubsystemID::hypervisor) == subsystem)
	{
	// populate hypervisor SRC words
	tiPel->setSrcWords(std::array<uint32_t, pel::numSrcWords>{
	(uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x10 SRC Word 12"], 0, 16),
	(uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x14 SRC Word 13"], 0, 16),
	(uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x18 SRC Word 14"], 0, 16),
	(uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x1c SRC Word 15"], 0, 16),
	(uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x20 SRC Word 16"], 0, 16),
	(uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x24 SRC Word 17"], 0, 16),
	(uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x28 SRC Word 18"], 0, 16),
	(uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x2c SRC Word 19"], 0, 16)});

	// Populate phyp primary SRC

	// char array for raw pel src
	std::array<char, pel::asciiStringSize> srcChars{'0'};

	// src from TI info
	std::string srcString = i_additional["SrcAscii"];

	// copy from string to char array
	srcString.copy(srcChars.data(),
	std::min(srcString.size(), pel::asciiStringSize), 0);

	tiPel->setAsciiString(srcChars); // pel object src is char array

	// set symptom-id
	auto symptomId = (i_additional["SrcAscii"].substr(0, 8) + '_');

	symptomId += (i_additional["0x10 SRC Word 12"]);
	symptomId += (i_additional["0x14 SRC Word 13"] + '_');
	symptomId += (i_additional["0x18 SRC Word 14"]);
	symptomId += (i_additional["0x1c SRC Word 15"] + '_');
	symptomId += (i_additional["0x20 SRC Word 16"]);
	symptomId += (i_additional["0x24 SRC Word 17"] + '_');
	symptomId += (i_additional["0x28 SRC Word 18"]);
	symptomId += (i_additional["0x2c SRC Word 19"]);

	// setSymptomId will take care of required null-terminate and padding
	tiPel->setSymptomId(symptomId);
	}
	else
	{
	// Populate hostboot SRC words - note HB word 0 from the shared info
	// data (additional data "0x10 HB Word") is reflected in the PEL as
	// "reason code" so we zero it here. Also note that the first word
	// in this group of words starts at word 0 and word 1 does not exits.
	tiPel->setSrcWords(std::array<uint32_t, pel::numSrcWords>{
	(uint32_t)0x00000000,
	(uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x14 HB Word 2"], 0, 16),
	(uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x18 HB Word 3"], 0, 16),
	(uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x1c HB Word 4"], 0, 16),
	(uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x20 HB Word 5"], 0, 16),
	(uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x24 HB Word 6"], 0, 16),
	(uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x28 HB Word 7"], 0, 16),
	(uint32_t)std::stoul(i_additional["0x2c HB Word 8"], 0, 16)});

	// Populate hostboot primary SRC

	// char array for raw pel src
	std::array<char, pel::asciiStringSize> srcChars{'0'};

	// src from TI info
	std::string srcString = i_additional["SrcAscii"];

	// copy from string to char array
	srcString.copy(srcChars.data(),
	std::min(srcString.size(), pel::asciiStringSize), 0);

	tiPel->setAsciiString(srcChars); // pel object src is char array

	// set symptom-id
	auto symptomId = (i_additional["SrcAscii"].substr(0, 8) + '_');

	symptomId += (i_additional["0x10 HB Word 0"]); // note: word 1
	symptomId += (i_additional["0x14 HB Word 2"] + '_'); // does not exist
	symptomId += (i_additional["0x18 HB Word 3"]);
	symptomId += (i_additional["0x1c HB Word 4"] + '_');
	symptomId += (i_additional["0x20 HB Word 5"]);
	symptomId += (i_additional["0x24 HB Word 6"] + '_');
	symptomId += (i_additional["0x28 HB Word 7"]);
	symptomId += (i_additional["0x2c HB Word 8"]);

	// setSymptomId will take care of required null-terminate and padding
	tiPel->setSymptomId(symptomId);
	}

	// set severity, event type and action flags
	tiPel->setSeverity(static_cast<uint8_t>(pel::Severity::termination));
	tiPel->setType(static_cast<uint8_t>(pel::EventType::na));
	tiPel->setAction(static_cast<uint16_t>(pel::ActionFlags::service \|
	pel::ActionFlags::report \|
	pel::ActionFlags::call));

	// The raw PEL that we used as the basis for this custom PEL contains the
	// attention handler trace data and does not needed to be in this PEL so
	// we remove it here.
	tiPel->setSectionCount(tiPel->getSectionCount() - 1);

	// Update the raw PEL with the new custom PEL data
	tiPel->raw(i_rawPel);

	// create PEL from raw data
	createPelRaw(i_rawPel);
	}

	/**
	* Log an event handled by the attention handler
	*
	* Basic (non TI) events will generate a standard message-registry based PEL
	*
	* TI events will create two PEL's. One PEL will be informational and will
	* contain trace information relevent to attention handler. The second PEL
	* will be specific to the TI type (including the primary SRC) and will be
	* based off of the TI information provided to the attention handler through
	* shared TI info data area.
	*
	* @param i_event - The event type
	* @param i_additional - Additional PEL data
	* @param i_ffdc - FFDC PEL data
	* @return Event log Id (0 if no event log generated)
	*/
	uint32_t event(EventType i_event,
	std::map<std::string, std::string>& i_additional,
	const std::vector<util::FFDCFile>& i_ffdc)
	{
	uint32_t pelId = 0; // assume no event log generated

	bool eventValid = false; // assume no event created
	bool tiEvent = false; // assume not a terminate event

	std::string eventName;

	switch (i_event)
	{
	case EventType::Checkstop:
	eventName = "org.open_power.HwDiags.Error.Checkstop";
	eventValid = true;
	break;
	case EventType::Terminate:
	eventName = "org.open_power.Attn.Error.Terminate";
	eventValid = true;
	tiEvent = true;
	break;
	case EventType::Vital:
	eventName = "org.open_power.Attn.Error.Vital";
	eventValid = true;
	break;
	case EventType::HwDiagsFail:
	case EventType::AttentionFail:
	eventName = "org.open_power.Attn.Error.Fail";
	eventValid = true;
	break;
	case EventType::PhalSbeChipop:
	eventName = "org.open_power.Processor.Error.SbeChipOpFailure";
	eventValid = true;
	break;
	default:
	eventValid = false;
	break;
	}

	if (true == eventValid)
	{
	// Create PEL with additional data and FFDC data. The newly created
	// PEL's platform log-id will be returned.
	pelId = createPel(eventName, i_additional, createFFDCTuples(i_ffdc));

	// If this is a TI event we will create an additional PEL that is
	// specific to the subsystem that generated the TI.
	if ((0 != pelId) && (true == tiEvent))
	{
	// get file descriptor and size of information PEL
	int pelFd = getPel(pelId);

	// if PEL found, read into buffer
	if (-1 != pelFd)
	{
	auto pelSize = lseek(pelFd, 0, SEEK_END);
	lseek(pelFd, 0, SEEK_SET);

	// read information PEL into buffer
	std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(pelSize);
	size_t numBytes = read(pelFd, buffer.data(), buffer.size());
	if (buffer.size() != numBytes)
	{
	std::stringstream traceMsg;
	traceMsg << "Error reading event log: " << (int)numBytes
	<< " of " << (int)buffer.size() << " bytes read";
	auto strobj = traceMsg.str();
	trace<level::ERROR>(strobj.c_str());
	}
	else
	{
	// create PEL from buffer
	createPelCustom(buffer, i_additional);
	}

	close(pelFd);
	}

	uint8_t subsystem = std::stoi(i_additional["Subsystem"]);

	// If not hypervisor TI
	if (static_cast<uint8_t>(pel::SubsystemID::hypervisor) != subsystem)
	{
	// Request a dump and transition the host
	if ("true" == i_additional["Dump"])
	{
	// will not return until dump is complete
	requestDump(pelId, DumpParameters{0, DumpType::Hostboot});
	}
	}
	}
	}
	return pelId;
	}

	/**
	* Commit special attention TI event to log
	*
	* Create a event log with provided additional information and standard
	* FFDC data plus TI FFDC data
	*
	* @param i_additional - Additional log data
	* @param i_ti_InfoData - TI FFDC data
	*/
	void eventTerminate(std::map<std::string, std::string> i_additionalData,
	char* i_tiInfoData)
	{

	uint32_t tiInfoSize = 0; // assume TI info was not available

	if (nullptr != i_tiInfoData)
	{
	tiInfoSize = 56; // assume not hypervisor TI

	uint8_t subsystem = std::stoi(i_additionalData["Subsystem"]);

	// If hypervisor
	if (static_cast<uint8_t>(pel::SubsystemID::hypervisor) == subsystem)
	{
	tiInfoSize = 1024; // assume hypervisor max

	// hypervisor may just want some of the data
	if (0 == (*(i_tiInfoData + 0x09) & 0x01))
	{
	uint32_t* additionalLength = (uint32_t*)(i_tiInfoData + 0x50);
	uint32_t tiAdditional = be32toh(*additionalLength);
	tiInfoSize = std::min(tiInfoSize, (84 + tiAdditional));
	}
	}
	}

	std::string traceMsg = "TI info size = " + std::to_string(tiInfoSize);
	trace<level::INFO>(traceMsg.c_str());

	event(EventType::Terminate, i_additionalData,
	createFFDCFiles(i_tiInfoData, tiInfoSize));
	}

	/** @brief Commit SBE vital event to log, returns event log ID */
	uint32_t eventVital()
	{
	// Additional data for log
	std::map<std::string, std::string> additionalData;

	// Create log event with additional data and FFDC data
	return event(EventType::Vital, additionalData, createFFDCFiles(nullptr, 0));
	}

	/**
	* Commit attention handler failure event to log
	*
	* Create an event log containing the specified error code.
	*
	* @param i_error - Error code
	*/
	void eventAttentionFail(int i_error)
	{
	// Additional data for log
	std::map<std::string, std::string> additionalData;
	additionalData["ERROR_CODE"] = std::to_string(i_error);

	// Create log event with additional data and FFDC data
	event(EventType::AttentionFail, additionalData,
	createFFDCFiles(nullptr, 0));
	}

	/**
	* Commit SBE timeout event to log
	*
	* Create an event log indicating an SBE operation timed out.
	*
	* @param proc - processor that encountered the error
	*/
	void eventPhalSbeChipop(uint32_t proc)
	{
	trace<level::ERROR>("SBE error while getting TI info");

	// report proc number in event log entry
	std::map<std::string, std::string> additionalData;
	additionalData.emplace("SRC6", std::to_string(proc << 16));

	// create event with additional data and no ffdc
	event(EventType::PhalSbeChipop, additionalData,
	createFFDCFiles(nullptr, 0));
	}

	/**
	* Parse systemd journal message field
	*
	* Parse the journal looking for the specified field and return the journal
	* data for that field.
	*
	* @param journal - The journal to parse
	* @param field - Field containing the data to retrieve
	* @return Data for the speciefied field
	*/
	std::string sdjGetFieldValue(sd_journal* journal, const char* field)
	{
	const char* data{nullptr};
	size_t length{0};

	// get field value
	if (0 == sd_journal_get_data(journal, field, (const void**)&data, &length))
	{
	size_t prefix{0};

	// The data returned by sd_journal_get_data will be prefixed with the
	// field name and "="
	const void* eq = memchr(data, '=', length);
	if (nullptr != eq)
	{
	// get just data following the "="
	prefix = (const char*)eq - data + 1;
	}
	else
	{
	// all the data (should not happen)
	prefix = 0;
	std::string value{}; // empty string
	}

	return std::string{data + prefix, length - prefix};
	}
	else
	{
	return std::string{}; // empty string
	}
	}

	/**
	* Gather messages from the journal
	*
	* Fetch journal entry data for all entries with the specified field equal to
	* the specified value.
	*
	* @param field - Field to search on
	* @param fieldValue - Value to search for
	* @param max - Maximum number of messages fetch
	* @return Vector of journal entry data
	*/
	std::vector<std::string> sdjGetMessages(const std::string& field,
	const std::string& fieldValue,
	unsigned int max)
	{
	sd_journal* journal;
	std::vector<std::string> messages;

	if (0 == sd_journal_open(&journal, SD_JOURNAL_LOCAL_ONLY))
	{
	SD_JOURNAL_FOREACH_BACKWARDS(journal)
	{
	// Get input field
	std::string value = sdjGetFieldValue(journal, field.c_str());

	// Compare field value and read data
	if (value == fieldValue)
	{
	// Get SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER field (process that logged message)
	std::string syslog =
	sdjGetFieldValue(journal, "SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER");

	// Get _PID field
	std::string pid = sdjGetFieldValue(journal, "_PID");

	// Get MESSAGE field
	std::string message = sdjGetFieldValue(journal, "MESSAGE");

	// Get timestamp
	uint64_t usec{0};
	if (0 == sd_journal_get_realtime_usec(journal, &usec))
	{

	// Convert realtime microseconds to date format
	char dateBuffer[80];
	std::string date;
	std::time_t timeInSecs = usec / 1000000;
	strftime(dateBuffer, sizeof(dateBuffer), "%b %d %H:%M:%S",
	std::localtime(&timeInSecs));
	date = dateBuffer;

	// Store value to messages
	value = date + " " + syslog + "[" + pid + "]: " + message;
	messages.insert(messages.begin(), value);
	}
	}

	// limit maximum number of messages
	if (messages.size() >= max)
	{
	break;
	}
	}

	sd_journal_close(journal); // close journal when done
	}

	return messages;
	}

	} // namespace attn