| import sys | 
 | import argparse | 
 | from collections import defaultdict, OrderedDict | 
 |  | 
 | class ArgumentUsageError(Exception): | 
 |     """Exception class you can raise (and catch) in order to show the help""" | 
 |     def __init__(self, message, subcommand=None): | 
 |         self.message = message | 
 |         self.subcommand = subcommand | 
 |  | 
 | class ArgumentParser(argparse.ArgumentParser): | 
 |     """Our own version of argparse's ArgumentParser""" | 
 |     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): | 
 |         kwargs.setdefault('formatter_class', OeHelpFormatter) | 
 |         self._subparser_groups = OrderedDict() | 
 |         super(ArgumentParser, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) | 
 |         self._positionals.title = 'arguments' | 
 |         self._optionals.title = 'options' | 
 |  | 
 |     def error(self, message): | 
 |         """error(message: string) | 
 |  | 
 |         Prints a help message incorporating the message to stderr and | 
 |         exits. | 
 |         """ | 
 |         self._print_message('%s: error: %s\n' % (self.prog, message), sys.stderr) | 
 |         self.print_help(sys.stderr) | 
 |         sys.exit(2) | 
 |  | 
 |     def error_subcommand(self, message, subcommand): | 
 |         if subcommand: | 
 |             action = self._get_subparser_action() | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 subparser = action._name_parser_map[subcommand] | 
 |             except KeyError: | 
 |                 self.error('no subparser for name "%s"' % subcommand) | 
 |             else: | 
 |                 subparser.error(message) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.error(message) | 
 |  | 
 |     def add_subparsers(self, *args, **kwargs): | 
 |         if 'dest' not in kwargs: | 
 |             kwargs['dest'] = '_subparser_name' | 
 |  | 
 |         ret = super(ArgumentParser, self).add_subparsers(*args, **kwargs) | 
 |         # Need a way of accessing the parent parser | 
 |         ret._parent_parser = self | 
 |         # Ensure our class gets instantiated | 
 |         ret._parser_class = ArgumentSubParser | 
 |         # Hacky way of adding a method to the subparsers object | 
 |         ret.add_subparser_group = self.add_subparser_group | 
 |         return ret | 
 |  | 
 |     def add_subparser_group(self, groupname, groupdesc, order=0): | 
 |         self._subparser_groups[groupname] = (groupdesc, order) | 
 |  | 
 |     def parse_args(self, args=None, namespace=None): | 
 |         """Parse arguments, using the correct subparser to show the error.""" | 
 |         args, argv = self.parse_known_args(args, namespace) | 
 |         if argv: | 
 |             message = 'unrecognized arguments: %s' % ' '.join(argv) | 
 |             if self._subparsers: | 
 |                 subparser = self._get_subparser(args) | 
 |                 subparser.error(message) | 
 |             else: | 
 |                 self.error(message) | 
 |             sys.exit(2) | 
 |         return args | 
 |  | 
 |     def _get_subparser(self, args): | 
 |         action = self._get_subparser_action() | 
 |         if action.dest == argparse.SUPPRESS: | 
 |             self.error('cannot get subparser, the subparser action dest is suppressed') | 
 |  | 
 |         name = getattr(args, action.dest) | 
 |         try: | 
 |             return action._name_parser_map[name] | 
 |         except KeyError: | 
 |             self.error('no subparser for name "%s"' % name) | 
 |  | 
 |     def _get_subparser_action(self): | 
 |         if not self._subparsers: | 
 |             self.error('cannot return the subparser action, no subparsers added') | 
 |  | 
 |         for action in self._subparsers._group_actions: | 
 |             if isinstance(action, argparse._SubParsersAction): | 
 |                 return action | 
 |  | 
 |  | 
 | class ArgumentSubParser(ArgumentParser): | 
 |     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): | 
 |         if 'group' in kwargs: | 
 |             self._group = kwargs.pop('group') | 
 |         if 'order' in kwargs: | 
 |             self._order = kwargs.pop('order') | 
 |         super(ArgumentSubParser, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) | 
 |  | 
 |     def parse_known_args(self, args=None, namespace=None): | 
 |         # This works around argparse not handling optional positional arguments being | 
 |         # intermixed with other options. A pretty horrible hack, but we're not left | 
 |         # with much choice given that the bug in argparse exists and it's difficult | 
 |         # to subclass. | 
 |         # Borrowed from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/20165843/argparse-how-to-handle-variable-number-of-arguments-nargs | 
 |         # with an extra workaround (in format_help() below) for the positional | 
 |         # arguments disappearing from the --help output, as well as structural tweaks. | 
 |         # Originally simplified from http://bugs.python.org/file30204/test_intermixed.py | 
 |         positionals = self._get_positional_actions() | 
 |         for action in positionals: | 
 |             # deactivate positionals | 
 |             action.save_nargs = action.nargs | 
 |             action.nargs = 0 | 
 |  | 
 |         namespace, remaining_args = super(ArgumentSubParser, self).parse_known_args(args, namespace) | 
 |         for action in positionals: | 
 |             # remove the empty positional values from namespace | 
 |             if hasattr(namespace, action.dest): | 
 |                 delattr(namespace, action.dest) | 
 |         for action in positionals: | 
 |             action.nargs = action.save_nargs | 
 |         # parse positionals | 
 |         namespace, extras = super(ArgumentSubParser, self).parse_known_args(remaining_args, namespace) | 
 |         return namespace, extras | 
 |  | 
 |     def format_help(self): | 
 |         # Quick, restore the positionals! | 
 |         positionals = self._get_positional_actions() | 
 |         for action in positionals: | 
 |             if hasattr(action, 'save_nargs'): | 
 |                 action.nargs = action.save_nargs | 
 |         return super(ArgumentParser, self).format_help() | 
 |  | 
 |  | 
 | class OeHelpFormatter(argparse.HelpFormatter): | 
 |     def _format_action(self, action): | 
 |         if hasattr(action, '_get_subactions'): | 
 |             # subcommands list | 
 |             groupmap = defaultdict(list) | 
 |             ordermap = {} | 
 |             subparser_groups = action._parent_parser._subparser_groups | 
 |             groups = sorted(subparser_groups.keys(), key=lambda item: subparser_groups[item][1], reverse=True) | 
 |             for subaction in self._iter_indented_subactions(action): | 
 |                 parser = action._name_parser_map[subaction.dest] | 
 |                 group = getattr(parser, '_group', None) | 
 |                 groupmap[group].append(subaction) | 
 |                 if group not in groups: | 
 |                     groups.append(group) | 
 |                 order = getattr(parser, '_order', 0) | 
 |                 ordermap[subaction.dest] = order | 
 |  | 
 |             lines = [] | 
 |             if len(groupmap) > 1: | 
 |                 groupindent = '  ' | 
 |             else: | 
 |                 groupindent = '' | 
 |             for group in groups: | 
 |                 subactions = groupmap[group] | 
 |                 if not subactions: | 
 |                     continue | 
 |                 if groupindent: | 
 |                     if not group: | 
 |                         group = 'other' | 
 |                     groupdesc = subparser_groups.get(group, (group, 0))[0] | 
 |                     lines.append('  %s:' % groupdesc) | 
 |                 for subaction in sorted(subactions, key=lambda item: ordermap[item.dest], reverse=True): | 
 |                     lines.append('%s%s' % (groupindent, self._format_action(subaction).rstrip())) | 
 |             return '\n'.join(lines) | 
 |         else: | 
 |             return super(OeHelpFormatter, self)._format_action(action) | 
 |  | 
 | def int_positive(value): | 
 |     ivalue = int(value) | 
 |     if ivalue <= 0: | 
 |         raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError( | 
 |                 "%s is not a positive int value" % value) | 
 |     return ivalue |