redfish-core/lib/ethernet.hpp

/*
// Copyright (c) 2018 Intel Corporation
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
*/
#pragma once

#include <boost/container/flat_map.hpp>
#include <boost/container/flat_set.hpp>
#include <dbus_singleton.hpp>
#include <error_messages.hpp>
#include <node.hpp>
#include <optional>
#include <utils/json_utils.hpp>
#include <variant>

namespace redfish
{

/**
 * DBus types primitives for several generic DBus interfaces
 * TODO(Pawel) consider move this to separate file into boost::dbus
 */
using PropertiesMapType = boost::container::flat_map<
    std::string, std::variant<std::string, bool, uint8_t, int16_t, uint16_t,
                              int32_t, uint32_t, int64_t, uint64_t, double>>;

using GetManagedObjects = std::vector<std::pair<
    sdbusplus::message::object_path,
    std::vector<std::pair<
        std::string,
        boost::container::flat_map<
            std::string, sdbusplus::message::variant<
                             std::string, bool, uint8_t, int16_t, uint16_t,
                             int32_t, uint32_t, int64_t, uint64_t, double,
                             std::vector<std::string>>>>>>>;

enum class LinkType
{
    Local,
    Global
};

/**
 * Structure for keeping IPv4 data required by Redfish
 */
struct IPv4AddressData
{
    std::string id;
    std::string address;
    std::string domain;
    std::string gateway;
    std::string netmask;
    std::string origin;
    LinkType linktype;

    bool operator<(const IPv4AddressData &obj) const
    {
        return id < obj.id;
    }
};

/**
 * Structure for keeping IPv6 data required by Redfish
 */
struct IPv6AddressData
{
    std::string id;
    std::string address;
    std::string origin;
    uint8_t prefixLength;

    bool operator<(const IPv6AddressData &obj) const
    {
        return id < obj.id;
    }
};
/**
 * Structure for keeping basic single Ethernet Interface information
 * available from DBus
 */
struct EthernetInterfaceData
{
    uint32_t speed;
    bool auto_neg;
    bool DNSEnabled;
    bool NTPEnabled;
    bool HostNameEnabled;
    bool SendHostNameEnabled;
    bool linkUp;
    bool nicEnabled;
    std::string DHCPEnabled;
    std::string operatingMode;
    std::string hostname;
    std::string default_gateway;
    std::string ipv6_default_gateway;
    std::string mac_address;
    std::vector<std::uint32_t> vlan_id;
    std::vector<std::string> nameservers;
    std::vector<std::string> domainnames;
};

struct DHCPParameters
{
    std::optional<bool> dhcpv4Enabled;
    std::optional<bool> useDNSServers;
    std::optional<bool> useNTPServers;
    std::optional<bool> useUseDomainName;
    std::optional<std::string> dhcpv6OperatingMode;
};

// Helper function that changes bits netmask notation (i.e. /24)
// into full dot notation
inline std::string getNetmask(unsigned int bits)
{
    uint32_t value = 0xffffffff << (32 - bits);
    std::string netmask = std::to_string((value >> 24) & 0xff) + "." +
                          std::to_string((value >> 16) & 0xff) + "." +
                          std::to_string((value >> 8) & 0xff) + "." +
                          std::to_string(value & 0xff);
    return netmask;
}

inline bool translateDHCPEnabledToBool(const std::string &inputDHCP,
                                       bool isIPv4)
{
    if (isIPv4)
    {
        return (
            (inputDHCP ==
             "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.EthernetInterface.DHCPConf.v4") ||
            (inputDHCP ==
             "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.EthernetInterface.DHCPConf.both"));
    }
    return ((inputDHCP ==
             "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.EthernetInterface.DHCPConf.v6") ||
            (inputDHCP ==
             "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.EthernetInterface.DHCPConf.both"));
}

inline std::string GetDHCPEnabledEnumeration(bool isIPv4, bool isIPv6)
{
    if (isIPv4 && isIPv6)
    {
        return "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.EthernetInterface.DHCPConf.both";
    }
    else if (isIPv4)
    {
        return "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.EthernetInterface.DHCPConf.v4";
    }
    else if (isIPv6)
    {
        return "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.EthernetInterface.DHCPConf.v6";
    }
    return "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.EthernetInterface.DHCPConf.none";
}

inline std::string
    translateAddressOriginDbusToRedfish(const std::string &inputOrigin,
                                        bool isIPv4)
{
    if (inputOrigin == "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.IP.AddressOrigin.Static")
    {
        return "Static";
    }
    if (inputOrigin == "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.IP.AddressOrigin.LinkLocal")
    {
        if (isIPv4)
        {
            return "IPv4LinkLocal";
        }
        else
        {
            return "LinkLocal";
        }
    }
    if (inputOrigin == "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.IP.AddressOrigin.DHCP")
    {
        if (isIPv4)
        {
            return "DHCP";
        }
        else
        {
            return "DHCPv6";
        }
    }
    if (inputOrigin == "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.IP.AddressOrigin.SLAAC")
    {
        return "SLAAC";
    }
    return "";
}

inline bool extractEthernetInterfaceData(const std::string &ethiface_id,
                                         const GetManagedObjects &dbus_data,
                                         EthernetInterfaceData &ethData)
{
    bool idFound = false;
    for (const auto &objpath : dbus_data)
    {
        for (const auto &ifacePair : objpath.second)
        {
            if (objpath.first == "/xyz/openbmc_project/network/" + ethiface_id)
            {
                idFound = true;
                if (ifacePair.first == "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.MACAddress")
                {
                    for (const auto &propertyPair : ifacePair.second)
                    {
                        if (propertyPair.first == "MACAddress")
                        {
                            const std::string *mac =
                                std::get_if<std::string>(&propertyPair.second);
                            if (mac != nullptr)
                            {
                                ethData.mac_address = *mac;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                else if (ifacePair.first == "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.VLAN")
                {
                    for (const auto &propertyPair : ifacePair.second)
                    {
                        if (propertyPair.first == "Id")
                        {
                            const uint32_t *id =
                                std::get_if<uint32_t>(&propertyPair.second);
                            if (id != nullptr)
                            {
                                ethData.vlan_id.push_back(*id);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                else if (ifacePair.first ==
                         "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.EthernetInterface")
                {
                    for (const auto &propertyPair : ifacePair.second)
                    {
                        if (propertyPair.first == "AutoNeg")
                        {
                            const bool *auto_neg =
                                std::get_if<bool>(&propertyPair.second);
                            if (auto_neg != nullptr)
                            {
                                ethData.auto_neg = *auto_neg;
                            }
                        }
                        else if (propertyPair.first == "Speed")
                        {
                            const uint32_t *speed =
                                std::get_if<uint32_t>(&propertyPair.second);
                            if (speed != nullptr)
                            {
                                ethData.speed = *speed;
                            }
                        }
                        else if (propertyPair.first == "LinkUp")
                        {
                            const bool *linkUp =
                                std::get_if<bool>(&propertyPair.second);
                            if (linkUp != nullptr)
                            {
                                ethData.linkUp = *linkUp;
                            }
                        }
                        else if (propertyPair.first == "NICEnabled")
                        {
                            const bool *nicEnabled =
                                std::get_if<bool>(&propertyPair.second);
                            if (nicEnabled != nullptr)
                            {
                                ethData.nicEnabled = *nicEnabled;
                            }
                        }
                        else if (propertyPair.first == "Nameservers")
                        {
                            const std::vector<std::string> *nameservers =
                                sdbusplus::message::variant_ns::get_if<
                                    std::vector<std::string>>(
                                    &propertyPair.second);
                            if (nameservers != nullptr)
                            {
                                ethData.nameservers = std::move(*nameservers);
                            }
                        }
                        else if (propertyPair.first == "DHCPEnabled")
                        {
                            const std::string *DHCPEnabled =
                                std::get_if<std::string>(&propertyPair.second);
                            if (DHCPEnabled != nullptr)
                            {
                                ethData.DHCPEnabled = *DHCPEnabled;
                            }
                        }
                        else if (propertyPair.first == "DomainName")
                        {
                            const std::vector<std::string> *domainNames =
                                sdbusplus::message::variant_ns::get_if<
                                    std::vector<std::string>>(
                                    &propertyPair.second);
                            if (domainNames != nullptr)
                            {
                                ethData.domainnames = std::move(*domainNames);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            if (objpath.first == "/xyz/openbmc_project/network/config/dhcp")
            {
                if (ifacePair.first ==
                    "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.DHCPConfiguration")
                {
                    for (const auto &propertyPair : ifacePair.second)
                    {
                        if (propertyPair.first == "DNSEnabled")
                        {
                            const bool *DNSEnabled =
                                std::get_if<bool>(&propertyPair.second);
                            if (DNSEnabled != nullptr)
                            {
                                ethData.DNSEnabled = *DNSEnabled;
                            }
                        }
                        else if (propertyPair.first == "NTPEnabled")
                        {
                            const bool *NTPEnabled =
                                std::get_if<bool>(&propertyPair.second);
                            if (NTPEnabled != nullptr)
                            {
                                ethData.NTPEnabled = *NTPEnabled;
                            }
                        }
                        else if (propertyPair.first == "HostNameEnabled")
                        {
                            const bool *HostNameEnabled =
                                std::get_if<bool>(&propertyPair.second);
                            if (HostNameEnabled != nullptr)
                            {
                                ethData.HostNameEnabled = *HostNameEnabled;
                            }
                        }
                        else if (propertyPair.first == "SendHostNameEnabled")
                        {
                            const bool *SendHostNameEnabled =
                                std::get_if<bool>(&propertyPair.second);
                            if (SendHostNameEnabled != nullptr)
                            {
                                ethData.SendHostNameEnabled =
                                    *SendHostNameEnabled;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            // System configuration shows up in the global namespace, so no need
            // to check eth number
            if (ifacePair.first ==
                "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.SystemConfiguration")
            {
                for (const auto &propertyPair : ifacePair.second)
                {
                    if (propertyPair.first == "HostName")
                    {
                        const std::string *hostname =
                            sdbusplus::message::variant_ns::get_if<std::string>(
                                &propertyPair.second);
                        if (hostname != nullptr)
                        {
                            ethData.hostname = *hostname;
                        }
                    }
                    else if (propertyPair.first == "DefaultGateway")
                    {
                        const std::string *defaultGateway =
                            sdbusplus::message::variant_ns::get_if<std::string>(
                                &propertyPair.second);
                        if (defaultGateway != nullptr)
                        {
                            ethData.default_gateway = *defaultGateway;
                        }
                    }
                    else if (propertyPair.first == "DefaultGateway6")
                    {
                        const std::string *defaultGateway6 =
                            sdbusplus::message::variant_ns::get_if<std::string>(
                                &propertyPair.second);
                        if (defaultGateway6 != nullptr)
                        {
                            ethData.ipv6_default_gateway = *defaultGateway6;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return idFound;
}

// Helper function that extracts data for single ethernet ipv6 address
inline void
    extractIPV6Data(const std::string &ethiface_id,
                    const GetManagedObjects &dbus_data,
                    boost::container::flat_set<IPv6AddressData> &ipv6_config)
{
    const std::string ipv6PathStart =
        "/xyz/openbmc_project/network/" + ethiface_id + "/ipv6/";

    // Since there might be several IPv6 configurations aligned with
    // single ethernet interface, loop over all of them
    for (const auto &objpath : dbus_data)
    {
        // Check if proper pattern for object path appears
        if (boost::starts_with(objpath.first.str, ipv6PathStart))
        {
            for (auto &interface : objpath.second)
            {
                if (interface.first == "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.IP")
                {
                    // Instance IPv6AddressData structure, and set as
                    // appropriate
                    std::pair<
                        boost::container::flat_set<IPv6AddressData>::iterator,
                        bool>
                        it = ipv6_config.insert(IPv6AddressData{});
                    IPv6AddressData &ipv6_address = *it.first;
                    ipv6_address.id =
                        objpath.first.str.substr(ipv6PathStart.size());
                    for (auto &property : interface.second)
                    {
                        if (property.first == "Address")
                        {
                            const std::string *address =
                                std::get_if<std::string>(&property.second);
                            if (address != nullptr)
                            {
                                ipv6_address.address = *address;
                            }
                        }
                        else if (property.first == "Origin")
                        {
                            const std::string *origin =
                                std::get_if<std::string>(&property.second);
                            if (origin != nullptr)
                            {
                                ipv6_address.origin =
                                    translateAddressOriginDbusToRedfish(*origin,
                                                                        false);
                            }
                        }
                        else if (property.first == "PrefixLength")
                        {
                            const uint8_t *prefix =
                                std::get_if<uint8_t>(&property.second);
                            if (prefix != nullptr)
                            {
                                ipv6_address.prefixLength = *prefix;
                            }
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            BMCWEB_LOG_ERROR
                                << "Got extra property: " << property.first
                                << " on the " << objpath.first.str << " object";
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

// Helper function that extracts data for single ethernet ipv4 address
inline void
    extractIPData(const std::string &ethiface_id,
                  const GetManagedObjects &dbus_data,
                  boost::container::flat_set<IPv4AddressData> &ipv4_config)
{
    const std::string ipv4PathStart =
        "/xyz/openbmc_project/network/" + ethiface_id + "/ipv4/";

    // Since there might be several IPv4 configurations aligned with
    // single ethernet interface, loop over all of them
    for (const auto &objpath : dbus_data)
    {
        // Check if proper pattern for object path appears
        if (boost::starts_with(objpath.first.str, ipv4PathStart))
        {
            for (auto &interface : objpath.second)
            {
                if (interface.first == "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.IP")
                {
                    // Instance IPv4AddressData structure, and set as
                    // appropriate
                    std::pair<
                        boost::container::flat_set<IPv4AddressData>::iterator,
                        bool>
                        it = ipv4_config.insert(IPv4AddressData{});
                    IPv4AddressData &ipv4_address = *it.first;
                    ipv4_address.id =
                        objpath.first.str.substr(ipv4PathStart.size());
                    for (auto &property : interface.second)
                    {
                        if (property.first == "Address")
                        {
                            const std::string *address =
                                std::get_if<std::string>(&property.second);
                            if (address != nullptr)
                            {
                                ipv4_address.address = *address;
                            }
                        }
                        else if (property.first == "Gateway")
                        {
                            const std::string *gateway =
                                std::get_if<std::string>(&property.second);
                            if (gateway != nullptr)
                            {
                                ipv4_address.gateway = *gateway;
                            }
                        }
                        else if (property.first == "Origin")
                        {
                            const std::string *origin =
                                std::get_if<std::string>(&property.second);
                            if (origin != nullptr)
                            {
                                ipv4_address.origin =
                                    translateAddressOriginDbusToRedfish(*origin,
                                                                        true);
                            }
                        }
                        else if (property.first == "PrefixLength")
                        {
                            const uint8_t *mask =
                                std::get_if<uint8_t>(&property.second);
                            if (mask != nullptr)
                            {
                                // convert it to the string
                                ipv4_address.netmask = getNetmask(*mask);
                            }
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            BMCWEB_LOG_ERROR
                                << "Got extra property: " << property.first
                                << " on the " << objpath.first.str << " object";
                        }
                    }
                    // Check if given address is local, or global
                    ipv4_address.linktype =
                        boost::starts_with(ipv4_address.address, "169.254.")
                            ? LinkType::Local
                            : LinkType::Global;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

/**
 * @brief Sets given Id on the given VLAN interface through D-Bus
 *
 * @param[in] ifaceId       Id of VLAN interface that should be modified
 * @param[in] inputVlanId   New ID of the VLAN
 * @param[in] callback      Function that will be called after the operation
 *
 * @return None.
 */
template <typename CallbackFunc>
void changeVlanId(const std::string &ifaceId, const uint32_t &inputVlanId,
                  CallbackFunc &&callback)
{
    crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
        callback, "xyz.openbmc_project.Network",
        std::string("/xyz/openbmc_project/network/") + ifaceId,
        "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties", "Set",
        "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.VLAN", "Id",
        std::variant<uint32_t>(inputVlanId));
}

/**
 * @brief Helper function that verifies IP address to check if it is in
 *        proper format. If bits pointer is provided, also calculates active
 *        bit count for Subnet Mask.
 *
 * @param[in]  ip     IP that will be verified
 * @param[out] bits   Calculated mask in bits notation
 *
 * @return true in case of success, false otherwise
 */
inline bool ipv4VerifyIpAndGetBitcount(const std::string &ip,
                                       uint8_t *bits = nullptr)
{
    std::vector<std::string> bytesInMask;

    boost::split(bytesInMask, ip, boost::is_any_of("."));

    static const constexpr int ipV4AddressSectionsCount = 4;
    if (bytesInMask.size() != ipV4AddressSectionsCount)
    {
        return false;
    }

    if (bits != nullptr)
    {
        *bits = 0;
    }

    char *endPtr;
    long previousValue = 255;
    bool firstZeroInByteHit;
    for (const std::string &byte : bytesInMask)
    {
        if (byte.empty())
        {
            return false;
        }

        // Use strtol instead of stroi to avoid exceptions
        long value = std::strtol(byte.c_str(), &endPtr, 10);

        // endPtr should point to the end of the string, otherwise given string
        // is not 100% number
        if (*endPtr != '\0')
        {
            return false;
        }

        // Value should be contained in byte
        if (value < 0 || value > 255)
        {
            return false;
        }

        if (bits != nullptr)
        {
            // Mask has to be continuous between bytes
            if (previousValue != 255 && value != 0)
            {
                return false;
            }

            // Mask has to be continuous inside bytes
            firstZeroInByteHit = false;

            // Count bits
            for (int bitIdx = 7; bitIdx >= 0; bitIdx--)
            {
                if (value & (1 << bitIdx))
                {
                    if (firstZeroInByteHit)
                    {
                        // Continuity not preserved
                        return false;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        (*bits)++;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    firstZeroInByteHit = true;
                }
            }
        }

        previousValue = value;
    }

    return true;
}

/**
 * @brief Deletes given IPv4 interface
 *
 * @param[in] ifaceId     Id of interface whose IP should be deleted
 * @param[in] ipHash      DBus Hash id of IP that should be deleted
 * @param[io] asyncResp   Response object that will be returned to client
 *
 * @return None
 */
inline void deleteIPv4(const std::string &ifaceId, const std::string &ipHash,
                       const std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp)
{
    crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
        [asyncResp](const boost::system::error_code ec) {
            if (ec)
            {
                messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
            }
        },
        "xyz.openbmc_project.Network",
        "/xyz/openbmc_project/network/" + ifaceId + "/ipv4/" + ipHash,
        "xyz.openbmc_project.Object.Delete", "Delete");
}

/**
 * @brief Creates a static IPv4 entry
 *
 * @param[in] ifaceId      Id of interface upon which to create the IPv4 entry
 * @param[in] prefixLength IPv4 prefix syntax for the subnet mask
 * @param[in] gateway      IPv4 address of this interfaces gateway
 * @param[in] address      IPv4 address to assign to this interface
 * @param[io] asyncResp    Response object that will be returned to client
 *
 * @return None
 */
inline void createIPv4(const std::string &ifaceId, unsigned int ipIdx,
                       uint8_t prefixLength, const std::string &gateway,
                       const std::string &address,
                       std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp)
{
    crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
        [asyncResp](const boost::system::error_code ec) {
            if (ec)
            {
                messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
            }
        },
        "xyz.openbmc_project.Network",
        "/xyz/openbmc_project/network/" + ifaceId,
        "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.IP.Create", "IP",
        "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.IP.Protocol.IPv4", address, prefixLength,
        gateway);
}

/**
 * @brief Deletes the IPv4 entry for this interface and creates a replacement
 * static IPv4 entry
 *
 * @param[in] ifaceId      Id of interface upon which to create the IPv4 entry
 * @param[in] id           The unique hash entry identifying the DBus entry
 * @param[in] prefixLength IPv4 prefix syntax for the subnet mask
 * @param[in] gateway      IPv4 address of this interfaces gateway
 * @param[in] address      IPv4 address to assign to this interface
 * @param[io] asyncResp    Response object that will be returned to client
 *
 * @return None
 */
inline void deleteAndCreateIPv4(const std::string &ifaceId,
                                const std::string &id, uint8_t prefixLength,
                                const std::string &gateway,
                                const std::string &address,
                                std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp)
{
    crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
        [asyncResp, ifaceId, address, prefixLength,
         gateway](const boost::system::error_code ec) {
            if (ec)
            {
                messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
            }
            crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
                [asyncResp](const boost::system::error_code ec) {
                    if (ec)
                    {
                        messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
                    }
                },
                "xyz.openbmc_project.Network",
                "/xyz/openbmc_project/network/" + ifaceId,
                "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.IP.Create", "IP",
                "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.IP.Protocol.IPv4", address,
                prefixLength, gateway);
        },
        "xyz.openbmc_project.Network",
        +"/xyz/openbmc_project/network/" + ifaceId + "/ipv4/" + id,
        "xyz.openbmc_project.Object.Delete", "Delete");
}

/**
 * @brief Deletes given IPv6
 *
 * @param[in] ifaceId     Id of interface whose IP should be deleted
 * @param[in] ipHash      DBus Hash id of IP that should be deleted
 * @param[io] asyncResp   Response object that will be returned to client
 *
 * @return None
 */
inline void deleteIPv6(const std::string &ifaceId, const std::string &ipHash,
                       const std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp)
{
    crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
        [asyncResp](const boost::system::error_code ec) {
            if (ec)
            {
                messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
            }
        },
        "xyz.openbmc_project.Network",
        "/xyz/openbmc_project/network/" + ifaceId + "/ipv6/" + ipHash,
        "xyz.openbmc_project.Object.Delete", "Delete");
}

/**
 * @brief Deletes the IPv6 entry for this interface and creates a replacement
 * static IPv6 entry
 *
 * @param[in] ifaceId      Id of interface upon which to create the IPv6 entry
 * @param[in] id           The unique hash entry identifying the DBus entry
 * @param[in] prefixLength IPv6 prefix syntax for the subnet mask
 * @param[in] address      IPv6 address to assign to this interface
 * @param[io] asyncResp    Response object that will be returned to client
 *
 * @return None
 */
inline void deleteAndCreateIPv6(const std::string &ifaceId,
                                const std::string &id, uint8_t prefixLength,
                                const std::string &address,
                                std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp)
{
    crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
        [asyncResp, ifaceId, address,
         prefixLength](const boost::system::error_code ec) {
            if (ec)
            {
                messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
            }
            crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
                [asyncResp](const boost::system::error_code ec) {
                    if (ec)
                    {
                        messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
                    }
                },
                "xyz.openbmc_project.Network",
                "/xyz/openbmc_project/network/" + ifaceId,
                "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.IP.Create", "IP",
                "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.IP.Protocol.IPv6", address,
                prefixLength, "");
        },
        "xyz.openbmc_project.Network",
        +"/xyz/openbmc_project/network/" + ifaceId + "/ipv6/" + id,
        "xyz.openbmc_project.Object.Delete", "Delete");
}

/**
 * @brief Creates IPv6 with given data
 *
 * @param[in] ifaceId      Id of interface whose IP should be added
 * @param[in] prefixLength Prefix length that needs to be added
 * @param[in] address      IP address that needs to be added
 * @param[io] asyncResp    Response object that will be returned to client
 *
 * @return None
 */
inline void createIPv6(const std::string &ifaceId, uint8_t prefixLength,
                       const std::string &address,
                       std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp)
{
    auto createIpHandler = [asyncResp](const boost::system::error_code ec) {
        if (ec)
        {
            messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
        }
    };
    // Passing null for gateway, as per redfish spec IPv6StaticAddresses object
    // does not have assosiated gateway property
    crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
        std::move(createIpHandler), "xyz.openbmc_project.Network",
        "/xyz/openbmc_project/network/" + ifaceId,
        "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.IP.Create", "IP",
        "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.IP.Protocol.IPv6", address, prefixLength,
        "");
}

/**
 * Function that retrieves all properties for given Ethernet Interface
 * Object
 * from EntityManager Network Manager
 * @param ethiface_id a eth interface id to query on DBus
 * @param callback a function that shall be called to convert Dbus output
 * into JSON
 */
template <typename CallbackFunc>
void getEthernetIfaceData(const std::string &ethiface_id,
                          CallbackFunc &&callback)
{
    crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
        [ethiface_id{std::string{ethiface_id}}, callback{std::move(callback)}](
            const boost::system::error_code error_code,
            const GetManagedObjects &resp) {
            EthernetInterfaceData ethData{};
            boost::container::flat_set<IPv4AddressData> ipv4Data;
            boost::container::flat_set<IPv6AddressData> ipv6Data;

            if (error_code)
            {
                callback(false, ethData, ipv4Data, ipv6Data);
                return;
            }

            bool found =
                extractEthernetInterfaceData(ethiface_id, resp, ethData);
            if (!found)
            {
                callback(false, ethData, ipv4Data, ipv6Data);
                return;
            }

            extractIPData(ethiface_id, resp, ipv4Data);
            // Fix global GW
            for (IPv4AddressData &ipv4 : ipv4Data)
            {
                if (((ipv4.linktype == LinkType::Global) &&
                     (ipv4.gateway == "0.0.0.0")) ||
                    (ipv4.origin == "DHCP"))
                {
                    ipv4.gateway = ethData.default_gateway;
                }
            }

            extractIPV6Data(ethiface_id, resp, ipv6Data);
            // Finally make a callback with usefull data
            callback(true, ethData, ipv4Data, ipv6Data);
        },
        "xyz.openbmc_project.Network", "/xyz/openbmc_project/network",
        "org.freedesktop.DBus.ObjectManager", "GetManagedObjects");
}

/**
 * Function that retrieves all Ethernet Interfaces available through Network
 * Manager
 * @param callback a function that shall be called to convert Dbus output
 * into JSON.
 */
template <typename CallbackFunc>
void getEthernetIfaceList(CallbackFunc &&callback)
{
    crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
        [callback{std::move(callback)}](
            const boost::system::error_code error_code,
            GetManagedObjects &resp) {
            // Callback requires vector<string> to retrieve all available
            // ethernet interfaces
            boost::container::flat_set<std::string> iface_list;
            iface_list.reserve(resp.size());
            if (error_code)
            {
                callback(false, iface_list);
                return;
            }

            // Iterate over all retrieved ObjectPaths.
            for (const auto &objpath : resp)
            {
                // And all interfaces available for certain ObjectPath.
                for (const auto &interface : objpath.second)
                {
                    // If interface is
                    // xyz.openbmc_project.Network.EthernetInterface, this is
                    // what we're looking for.
                    if (interface.first ==
                        "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.EthernetInterface")
                    {
                        // Cut out everyting until last "/", ...
                        const std::string &iface_id = objpath.first.str;
                        std::size_t last_pos = iface_id.rfind("/");
                        if (last_pos != std::string::npos)
                        {
                            // and put it into output vector.
                            iface_list.emplace(iface_id.substr(last_pos + 1));
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            // Finally make a callback with useful data
            callback(true, iface_list);
        },
        "xyz.openbmc_project.Network", "/xyz/openbmc_project/network",
        "org.freedesktop.DBus.ObjectManager", "GetManagedObjects");
}

/**
 * EthernetCollection derived class for delivering Ethernet Collection Schema
 */
class EthernetCollection : public Node
{
  public:
    template <typename CrowApp>
    EthernetCollection(CrowApp &app) :
        Node(app, "/redfish/v1/Managers/bmc/EthernetInterfaces/")
    {
        entityPrivileges = {
            {boost::beast::http::verb::get, {{"Login"}}},
            {boost::beast::http::verb::head, {{"Login"}}},
            {boost::beast::http::verb::patch, {{"ConfigureComponents"}}},
            {boost::beast::http::verb::put, {{"ConfigureComponents"}}},
            {boost::beast::http::verb::delete_, {{"ConfigureComponents"}}},
            {boost::beast::http::verb::post, {{"ConfigureComponents"}}}};
    }

  private:
    /**
     * Functions triggers appropriate requests on DBus
     */
    void doGet(crow::Response &res, const crow::Request &req,
               const std::vector<std::string> &params) override
    {
        res.jsonValue["@odata.type"] =
            "#EthernetInterfaceCollection.EthernetInterfaceCollection";
        res.jsonValue["@odata.id"] =
            "/redfish/v1/Managers/bmc/EthernetInterfaces";
        res.jsonValue["Name"] = "Ethernet Network Interface Collection";
        res.jsonValue["Description"] =
            "Collection of EthernetInterfaces for this Manager";
        std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp = std::make_shared<AsyncResp>(res);
        // Get eth interface list, and call the below callback for JSON
        // preparation
        getEthernetIfaceList(
            [asyncResp](
                const bool &success,
                const boost::container::flat_set<std::string> &iface_list) {
                if (!success)
                {
                    messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
                    return;
                }

                nlohmann::json &iface_array =
                    asyncResp->res.jsonValue["Members"];
                iface_array = nlohmann::json::array();
                std::string tag = "_";
                for (const std::string &iface_item : iface_list)
                {
                    std::size_t found = iface_item.find(tag);
                    if (found == std::string::npos)
                    {
                        iface_array.push_back(
                            {{"@odata.id",
                              "/redfish/v1/Managers/bmc/EthernetInterfaces/" +
                                  iface_item}});
                    }
                }

                asyncResp->res.jsonValue["Members@odata.count"] =
                    iface_array.size();
                asyncResp->res.jsonValue["@odata.id"] =
                    "/redfish/v1/Managers/bmc/EthernetInterfaces";
            });
    }
};

/**
 * EthernetInterface derived class for delivering Ethernet Schema
 */
class EthernetInterface : public Node
{
  public:
    /*
     * Default Constructor
     */
    template <typename CrowApp>
    EthernetInterface(CrowApp &app) :
        Node(app, "/redfish/v1/Managers/bmc/EthernetInterfaces/<str>/",
             std::string())
    {
        entityPrivileges = {
            {boost::beast::http::verb::get, {{"Login"}}},
            {boost::beast::http::verb::head, {{"Login"}}},
            {boost::beast::http::verb::patch, {{"ConfigureComponents"}}},
            {boost::beast::http::verb::put, {{"ConfigureComponents"}}},
            {boost::beast::http::verb::delete_, {{"ConfigureComponents"}}},
            {boost::beast::http::verb::post, {{"ConfigureComponents"}}}};
    }

  private:
    void handleHostnamePatch(const std::string &hostname,
                             const std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp)
    {
        asyncResp->res.jsonValue["HostName"] = hostname;
        crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
            [asyncResp](const boost::system::error_code ec) {
                if (ec)
                {
                    messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
                }
            },
            "xyz.openbmc_project.Network",
            "/xyz/openbmc_project/network/config",
            "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties", "Set",
            "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.SystemConfiguration", "HostName",
            std::variant<std::string>(hostname));
    }

    void handleMACAddressPatch(const std::string &ifaceId,
                               const std::string &macAddress,
                               const std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> &asyncResp)
    {
        crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
            [asyncResp, macAddress](const boost::system::error_code ec) {
                if (ec)
                {
                    messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
                    return;
                }
            },
            "xyz.openbmc_project.Network",
            "/xyz/openbmc_project/network/" + ifaceId,
            "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties", "Set",
            "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.MACAddress", "MACAddress",
            std::variant<std::string>(macAddress));
    }

    void setDHCPEnabled(const std::string &ifaceId,
                        const std::string &propertyName, const bool v4Value,
                        const bool v6Value,
                        const std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp)
    {
        const std::string dhcp = GetDHCPEnabledEnumeration(v4Value, v6Value);
        crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
            [asyncResp](const boost::system::error_code ec) {
                if (ec)
                {
                    BMCWEB_LOG_ERROR << "D-Bus responses error: " << ec;
                    messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
                    return;
                }
            },
            "xyz.openbmc_project.Network",
            "/xyz/openbmc_project/network/" + ifaceId,
            "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties", "Set",
            "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.EthernetInterface", propertyName,
            std::variant<std::string>{dhcp});
    }

    void setEthernetInterfaceBoolProperty(
        const std::string &ifaceId, const std::string &propertyName,
        const bool &value, const std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp)
    {
        crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
            [asyncResp](const boost::system::error_code ec) {
                if (ec)
                {
                    BMCWEB_LOG_ERROR << "D-Bus responses error: " << ec;
                    messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
                    return;
                }
            },
            "xyz.openbmc_project.Network",
            "/xyz/openbmc_project/network/" + ifaceId,
            "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties", "Set",
            "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.EthernetInterface", propertyName,
            std::variant<bool>{value});
    }

    void setDHCPv4Config(const std::string &propertyName, const bool &value,
                         const std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp)
    {
        BMCWEB_LOG_DEBUG << propertyName << " = " << value;
        crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
            [asyncResp](const boost::system::error_code ec) {
                if (ec)
                {
                    BMCWEB_LOG_ERROR << "D-Bus responses error: " << ec;
                    messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
                    return;
                }
            },
            "xyz.openbmc_project.Network",
            "/xyz/openbmc_project/network/config/dhcp",
            "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties", "Set",
            "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.DHCPConfiguration", propertyName,
            std::variant<bool>{value});
    }

    void handleDHCPPatch(const std::string &ifaceId,
                         const EthernetInterfaceData &ethData,
                         DHCPParameters v4dhcpParms, DHCPParameters v6dhcpParms,
                         const std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp)
    {
        bool ipv4Active = translateDHCPEnabledToBool(ethData.DHCPEnabled, true);
        bool ipv6Active =
            translateDHCPEnabledToBool(ethData.DHCPEnabled, false);

        bool nextv4DHCPState =
            v4dhcpParms.dhcpv4Enabled ? *v4dhcpParms.dhcpv4Enabled : ipv4Active;

        bool nextv6DHCPState{};
        if (v6dhcpParms.dhcpv6OperatingMode)
        {
            if ((*v6dhcpParms.dhcpv6OperatingMode != "Stateful") &&
                (*v6dhcpParms.dhcpv6OperatingMode != "Stateless") &&
                (*v6dhcpParms.dhcpv6OperatingMode != "Disabled"))
            {
                messages::propertyValueFormatError(
                    asyncResp->res, *v6dhcpParms.dhcpv6OperatingMode,
                    "OperatingMode");
                return;
            }
            nextv6DHCPState = (*v6dhcpParms.dhcpv6OperatingMode == "Stateful");
        }
        else
        {
            nextv6DHCPState = ipv6Active;
        }

        bool nextDNS{};
        if (v4dhcpParms.useDNSServers && v6dhcpParms.useDNSServers)
        {
            if (*v4dhcpParms.useDNSServers != *v6dhcpParms.useDNSServers)
            {
                messages::generalError(asyncResp->res);
                return;
            }
            nextDNS = *v4dhcpParms.useDNSServers;
        }
        else if (v4dhcpParms.useDNSServers)
        {
            nextDNS = *v4dhcpParms.useDNSServers;
        }
        else if (v6dhcpParms.useDNSServers)
        {
            nextDNS = *v6dhcpParms.useDNSServers;
        }
        else
        {
            nextDNS = ethData.DNSEnabled;
        }

        bool nextNTP{};
        if (v4dhcpParms.useNTPServers && v6dhcpParms.useNTPServers)
        {
            if (*v4dhcpParms.useNTPServers != *v6dhcpParms.useNTPServers)
            {
                messages::generalError(asyncResp->res);
                return;
            }
            nextNTP = *v4dhcpParms.useNTPServers;
        }
        else if (v4dhcpParms.useNTPServers)
        {
            nextNTP = *v4dhcpParms.useNTPServers;
        }
        else if (v6dhcpParms.useNTPServers)
        {
            nextNTP = *v6dhcpParms.useNTPServers;
        }
        else
        {
            nextNTP = ethData.NTPEnabled;
        }

        bool nextUseDomain{};
        if (v4dhcpParms.useUseDomainName && v6dhcpParms.useUseDomainName)
        {
            if (*v4dhcpParms.useUseDomainName != *v6dhcpParms.useUseDomainName)
            {
                messages::generalError(asyncResp->res);
                return;
            }
            nextUseDomain = *v4dhcpParms.useUseDomainName;
        }
        else if (v4dhcpParms.useUseDomainName)
        {
            nextUseDomain = *v4dhcpParms.useUseDomainName;
        }
        else if (v6dhcpParms.useUseDomainName)
        {
            nextUseDomain = *v6dhcpParms.useUseDomainName;
        }
        else
        {
            nextUseDomain = ethData.HostNameEnabled;
        }

        BMCWEB_LOG_DEBUG << "set DHCPEnabled...";
        setDHCPEnabled(ifaceId, "DHCPEnabled", nextv4DHCPState, nextv6DHCPState,
                       asyncResp);
        BMCWEB_LOG_DEBUG << "set DNSEnabled...";
        setDHCPv4Config("DNSEnabled", nextDNS, asyncResp);
        BMCWEB_LOG_DEBUG << "set NTPEnabled...";
        setDHCPv4Config("NTPEnabled", nextNTP, asyncResp);
        BMCWEB_LOG_DEBUG << "set HostNameEnabled...";
        setDHCPv4Config("HostNameEnabled", nextUseDomain, asyncResp);
    }

    boost::container::flat_set<IPv4AddressData>::const_iterator
        GetNextStaticIPEntry(
            boost::container::flat_set<IPv4AddressData>::const_iterator head,
            boost::container::flat_set<IPv4AddressData>::const_iterator end)
    {
        for (; head != end; head++)
        {
            if (head->origin == "Static")
            {
                return head;
            }
        }
        return end;
    }

    boost::container::flat_set<IPv6AddressData>::const_iterator
        GetNextStaticIPEntry(
            boost::container::flat_set<IPv6AddressData>::const_iterator head,
            boost::container::flat_set<IPv6AddressData>::const_iterator end)
    {
        for (; head != end; head++)
        {
            if (head->origin == "Static")
            {
                return head;
            }
        }
        return end;
    }

    void handleIPv4StaticPatch(
        const std::string &ifaceId, nlohmann::json &input,
        const boost::container::flat_set<IPv4AddressData> &ipv4Data,
        const std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp)
    {
        if ((!input.is_array()) || input.empty())
        {
            messages::propertyValueTypeError(asyncResp->res, input.dump(),
                                             "IPv4StaticAddresses");
            return;
        }

        unsigned entryIdx = 1;
        // Find the first static IP address currently active on the NIC and
        // match it to the first JSON element in the IPv4StaticAddresses array.
        // Match each subsequent JSON element to the next static IP programmed
        // into the NIC.
        boost::container::flat_set<IPv4AddressData>::const_iterator NICIPentry =
            GetNextStaticIPEntry(ipv4Data.cbegin(), ipv4Data.cend());

        for (nlohmann::json &thisJson : input)
        {
            std::string pathString =
                "IPv4StaticAddresses/" + std::to_string(entryIdx);

            if (!thisJson.is_null() && !thisJson.empty())
            {
                std::optional<std::string> address;
                std::optional<std::string> subnetMask;
                std::optional<std::string> gateway;

                if (!json_util::readJson(thisJson, asyncResp->res, "Address",
                                         address, "SubnetMask", subnetMask,
                                         "Gateway", gateway))
                {
                    messages::propertyValueFormatError(
                        asyncResp->res, thisJson.dump(), pathString);
                    return;
                }

                // Find the address/subnet/gateway values. Any values that are
                // not explicitly provided are assumed to be unmodified from the
                // current state of the interface. Merge existing state into the
                // current request.
                const std::string *addr = nullptr;
                const std::string *gw = nullptr;
                uint8_t prefixLength = 0;
                bool errorInEntry = false;
                if (address)
                {
                    if (ipv4VerifyIpAndGetBitcount(*address))
                    {
                        addr = &(*address);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        messages::propertyValueFormatError(
                            asyncResp->res, *address, pathString + "/Address");
                        errorInEntry = true;
                    }
                }
                else if (NICIPentry != ipv4Data.cend())
                {
                    addr = &(NICIPentry->address);
                }
                else
                {
                    messages::propertyMissing(asyncResp->res,
                                              pathString + "/Address");
                    errorInEntry = true;
                }

                if (subnetMask)
                {
                    if (!ipv4VerifyIpAndGetBitcount(*subnetMask, &prefixLength))
                    {
                        messages::propertyValueFormatError(
                            asyncResp->res, *subnetMask,
                            pathString + "/SubnetMask");
                        errorInEntry = true;
                    }
                }
                else if (NICIPentry != ipv4Data.cend())
                {
                    if (!ipv4VerifyIpAndGetBitcount(NICIPentry->netmask,
                                                    &prefixLength))
                    {
                        messages::propertyValueFormatError(
                            asyncResp->res, NICIPentry->netmask,
                            pathString + "/SubnetMask");
                        errorInEntry = true;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    messages::propertyMissing(asyncResp->res,
                                              pathString + "/SubnetMask");
                    errorInEntry = true;
                }

                if (gateway)
                {
                    if (ipv4VerifyIpAndGetBitcount(*gateway))
                    {
                        gw = &(*gateway);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        messages::propertyValueFormatError(
                            asyncResp->res, *gateway, pathString + "/Gateway");
                        errorInEntry = true;
                    }
                }
                else if (NICIPentry != ipv4Data.cend())
                {
                    gw = &NICIPentry->gateway;
                }
                else
                {
                    messages::propertyMissing(asyncResp->res,
                                              pathString + "/Gateway");
                    errorInEntry = true;
                }

                if (errorInEntry)
                {
                    return;
                }

                if (NICIPentry != ipv4Data.cend())
                {
                    if (gw != nullptr || addr != nullptr)
                    {
                        // Shouldn't be possible based on errorInEntry, but
                        // it flags -wmaybe-uninitialized in the compiler,
                        // so defend against that
                        return;
                    }
                    deleteAndCreateIPv4(ifaceId, NICIPentry->id, prefixLength,
                                        *gw, *addr, asyncResp);
                    NICIPentry =
                        GetNextStaticIPEntry(++NICIPentry, ipv4Data.cend());
                }
                else
                {
                    createIPv4(ifaceId, entryIdx, prefixLength, *gateway,
                               *address, asyncResp);
                }
                entryIdx++;
            }
            else
            {
                if (NICIPentry == ipv4Data.cend())
                {
                    // Requesting a DELETE/DO NOT MODIFY action for an item
                    // that isn't present on the eth(n) interface. Input JSON is
                    // in error, so bail out.
                    if (thisJson.is_null())
                    {
                        messages::resourceCannotBeDeleted(asyncResp->res);
                        return;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        messages::propertyValueFormatError(
                            asyncResp->res, thisJson.dump(), pathString);
                        return;
                    }
                }

                if (thisJson.is_null())
                {
                    deleteIPv4(ifaceId, NICIPentry->id, asyncResp);
                }
                if (NICIPentry != ipv4Data.cend())
                {
                    NICIPentry =
                        GetNextStaticIPEntry(++NICIPentry, ipv4Data.cend());
                }
                entryIdx++;
            }
        }
    }

    void handleStaticNameServersPatch(
        const std::string &ifaceId,
        const std::vector<std::string> &updatedStaticNameServers,
        const std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> &asyncResp)
    {
        crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
            [asyncResp](const boost::system::error_code ec) {
                if (ec)
                {
                    messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
                    return;
                }
            },
            "xyz.openbmc_project.Network",
            "/xyz/openbmc_project/network/" + ifaceId,
            "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties", "Set",
            "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.EthernetInterface", "Nameservers",
            std::variant<std::vector<std::string>>{updatedStaticNameServers});
    }

    void handleIPv6StaticAddressesPatch(
        const std::string &ifaceId, nlohmann::json &input,
        const boost::container::flat_set<IPv6AddressData> &ipv6Data,
        const std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp)
    {
        if (!input.is_array() || input.empty())
        {
            messages::propertyValueTypeError(asyncResp->res, input.dump(),
                                             "IPv6StaticAddresses");
            return;
        }
        size_t entryIdx = 1;
        boost::container::flat_set<IPv6AddressData>::const_iterator NICIPentry =
            GetNextStaticIPEntry(ipv6Data.cbegin(), ipv6Data.cend());
        for (nlohmann::json &thisJson : input)
        {
            std::string pathString =
                "IPv6StaticAddresses/" + std::to_string(entryIdx);

            if (!thisJson.is_null() && !thisJson.empty())
            {
                std::optional<std::string> address;
                std::optional<uint8_t> prefixLength;

                if (!json_util::readJson(thisJson, asyncResp->res, "Address",
                                         address, "PrefixLength", prefixLength))
                {
                    messages::propertyValueFormatError(
                        asyncResp->res, thisJson.dump(), pathString);
                    return;
                }

                const std::string *addr;
                uint8_t prefix;

                // Find the address and prefixLength values. Any values that are
                // not explicitly provided are assumed to be unmodified from the
                // current state of the interface. Merge existing state into the
                // current request.
                if (address)
                {
                    addr = &(*address);
                }
                else if (NICIPentry != ipv6Data.end())
                {
                    addr = &(NICIPentry->address);
                }
                else
                {
                    messages::propertyMissing(asyncResp->res,
                                              pathString + "/Address");
                    return;
                }

                if (prefixLength)
                {
                    prefix = *prefixLength;
                }
                else if (NICIPentry != ipv6Data.end())
                {
                    prefix = NICIPentry->prefixLength;
                }
                else
                {
                    messages::propertyMissing(asyncResp->res,
                                              pathString + "/PrefixLength");
                    return;
                }

                if (NICIPentry != ipv6Data.end())
                {
                    deleteAndCreateIPv6(ifaceId, NICIPentry->id, prefix, *addr,
                                        asyncResp);
                    NICIPentry =
                        GetNextStaticIPEntry(++NICIPentry, ipv6Data.cend());
                }
                else
                {
                    createIPv6(ifaceId, *prefixLength, *addr, asyncResp);
                }
                entryIdx++;
            }
            else
            {
                if (NICIPentry == ipv6Data.end())
                {
                    // Requesting a DELETE/DO NOT MODIFY action for an item
                    // that isn't present on the eth(n) interface. Input JSON is
                    // in error, so bail out.
                    if (thisJson.is_null())
                    {
                        messages::resourceCannotBeDeleted(asyncResp->res);
                        return;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        messages::propertyValueFormatError(
                            asyncResp->res, thisJson.dump(), pathString);
                        return;
                    }
                }

                if (thisJson.is_null())
                {
                    deleteIPv6(ifaceId, NICIPentry->id, asyncResp);
                }
                if (NICIPentry != ipv6Data.cend())
                {
                    NICIPentry =
                        GetNextStaticIPEntry(++NICIPentry, ipv6Data.cend());
                }
                entryIdx++;
            }
        }
    }

    void parseInterfaceData(
        std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp, const std::string &iface_id,
        const EthernetInterfaceData &ethData,
        const boost::container::flat_set<IPv4AddressData> &ipv4Data,
        const boost::container::flat_set<IPv6AddressData> &ipv6Data)
    {
        constexpr const std::array<const char *, 1> inventoryForEthernet = {
            "xyz.openbmc_project.Inventory.Item.Ethernet"};

        nlohmann::json &json_response = asyncResp->res.jsonValue;
        json_response["Id"] = iface_id;
        json_response["@odata.id"] =
            "/redfish/v1/Managers/bmc/EthernetInterfaces/" + iface_id;
        json_response["InterfaceEnabled"] = ethData.nicEnabled;

        auto health = std::make_shared<HealthPopulate>(asyncResp);

        crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
            [health](const boost::system::error_code ec,
                     std::vector<std::string> &resp) {
                if (ec)
                {
                    return;
                }

                health->inventory = std::move(resp);
            },
            "xyz.openbmc_project.ObjectMapper",
            "/xyz/openbmc_project/object_mapper",
            "xyz.openbmc_project.ObjectMapper", "GetSubTreePaths", "/",
            int32_t(0), inventoryForEthernet);

        health->populate();

        if (ethData.nicEnabled)
        {
            json_response["LinkStatus"] = "LinkUp";
            json_response["Status"]["State"] = "Enabled";
        }
        else
        {
            json_response["LinkStatus"] = "NoLink";
            json_response["Status"]["State"] = "Disabled";
        }

        json_response["LinkStatus"] = ethData.linkUp ? "LinkUp" : "LinkDown";
        json_response["SpeedMbps"] = ethData.speed;
        json_response["MACAddress"] = ethData.mac_address;
        json_response["DHCPv4"]["DHCPEnabled"] =
            translateDHCPEnabledToBool(ethData.DHCPEnabled, true);
        json_response["DHCPv4"]["UseNTPServers"] = ethData.NTPEnabled;
        json_response["DHCPv4"]["UseDNSServers"] = ethData.DNSEnabled;
        json_response["DHCPv4"]["UseDomainName"] = ethData.HostNameEnabled;

        json_response["DHCPv6"]["OperatingMode"] =
            translateDHCPEnabledToBool(ethData.DHCPEnabled, false) ? "Stateful"
                                                                   : "Disabled";
        json_response["DHCPv6"]["UseNTPServers"] = ethData.NTPEnabled;
        json_response["DHCPv6"]["UseDNSServers"] = ethData.DNSEnabled;
        json_response["DHCPv6"]["UseDomainName"] = ethData.HostNameEnabled;

        if (!ethData.hostname.empty())
        {
            json_response["HostName"] = ethData.hostname;
            if (!ethData.domainnames.empty())
            {
                json_response["FQDN"] =
                    ethData.hostname + "." + ethData.domainnames[0];
            }
        }

        json_response["VLANs"] = {
            {"@odata.id", "/redfish/v1/Managers/bmc/EthernetInterfaces/" +
                              iface_id + "/VLANs"}};

        if (translateDHCPEnabledToBool(ethData.DHCPEnabled, true) &&
            ethData.DNSEnabled)
        {
            json_response["StaticNameServers"] = nlohmann::json::array();
        }
        else
        {
            json_response["StaticNameServers"] = ethData.nameservers;
        }

        nlohmann::json &ipv4_array = json_response["IPv4Addresses"];
        nlohmann::json &ipv4_static_array =
            json_response["IPv4StaticAddresses"];
        ipv4_array = nlohmann::json::array();
        ipv4_static_array = nlohmann::json::array();
        for (auto &ipv4_config : ipv4Data)
        {

            std::string gatewayStr = ipv4_config.gateway;
            if (gatewayStr.empty())
            {
                gatewayStr = "0.0.0.0";
            }

            ipv4_array.push_back({{"AddressOrigin", ipv4_config.origin},
                                  {"SubnetMask", ipv4_config.netmask},
                                  {"Address", ipv4_config.address},
                                  {"Gateway", gatewayStr}});
            if (ipv4_config.origin == "Static")
            {
                ipv4_static_array.push_back(
                    {{"AddressOrigin", ipv4_config.origin},
                     {"SubnetMask", ipv4_config.netmask},
                     {"Address", ipv4_config.address},
                     {"Gateway", gatewayStr}});
            }
        }

        json_response["IPv6DefaultGateway"] = ethData.ipv6_default_gateway;

        nlohmann::json &ipv6_array = json_response["IPv6Addresses"];
        nlohmann::json &ipv6_static_array =
            json_response["IPv6StaticAddresses"];
        ipv6_array = nlohmann::json::array();
        ipv6_static_array = nlohmann::json::array();
        for (auto &ipv6_config : ipv6Data)
        {
            ipv6_array.push_back({{"Address", ipv6_config.address},
                                  {"PrefixLength", ipv6_config.prefixLength},
                                  {"AddressOrigin", ipv6_config.origin}});
            if (ipv6_config.origin == "Static")
            {
                ipv6_static_array.push_back(
                    {{"Address", ipv6_config.address},
                     {"PrefixLength", ipv6_config.prefixLength},
                     {"AddressOrigin", ipv6_config.origin}});
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Functions triggers appropriate requests on DBus
     */
    void doGet(crow::Response &res, const crow::Request &req,
               const std::vector<std::string> &params) override
    {
        std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp = std::make_shared<AsyncResp>(res);
        if (params.size() != 1)
        {
            messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
            return;
        }

        getEthernetIfaceData(
            params[0],
            [this, asyncResp, iface_id{std::string(params[0])}](
                const bool &success, const EthernetInterfaceData &ethData,
                const boost::container::flat_set<IPv4AddressData> &ipv4Data,
                const boost::container::flat_set<IPv6AddressData> &ipv6Data) {
                if (!success)
                {
                    // TODO(Pawel)consider distinguish between non existing
                    // object, and other errors
                    messages::resourceNotFound(asyncResp->res,
                                               "EthernetInterface", iface_id);
                    return;
                }

                asyncResp->res.jsonValue["@odata.type"] =
                    "#EthernetInterface.v1_4_1.EthernetInterface";
                asyncResp->res.jsonValue["Name"] = "Manager Ethernet Interface";
                asyncResp->res.jsonValue["Description"] =
                    "Management Network Interface";

                parseInterfaceData(asyncResp, iface_id, ethData, ipv4Data,
                                   ipv6Data);
            });
    }

    void doPatch(crow::Response &res, const crow::Request &req,
                 const std::vector<std::string> &params) override
    {
        std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp = std::make_shared<AsyncResp>(res);
        if (params.size() != 1)
        {
            messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
            return;
        }

        const std::string &iface_id = params[0];

        std::optional<std::string> hostname;
        std::optional<std::string> macAddress;
        std::optional<std::string> ipv6DefaultGateway;
        std::optional<nlohmann::json> ipv4StaticAddresses;
        std::optional<nlohmann::json> ipv6StaticAddresses;
        std::optional<std::vector<std::string>> staticNameServers;
        std::optional<nlohmann::json> dhcpv4;
        std::optional<nlohmann::json> dhcpv6;
        std::optional<bool> interfaceEnabled;
        DHCPParameters v4dhcpParms;
        DHCPParameters v6dhcpParms;

        if (!json_util::readJson(
                req, res, "HostName", hostname, "IPv4StaticAddresses",
                ipv4StaticAddresses, "MACAddress", macAddress,
                "StaticNameServers", staticNameServers, "IPv6DefaultGateway",
                ipv6DefaultGateway, "IPv6StaticAddresses", ipv6StaticAddresses,
                "DHCPv4", dhcpv4, "DHCPv6", dhcpv6, "InterfaceEnabled",
                interfaceEnabled))
        {
            return;
        }
        if (dhcpv4)
        {
            if (!json_util::readJson(*dhcpv4, res, "DHCPEnabled",
                                     v4dhcpParms.dhcpv4Enabled, "UseDNSServers",
                                     v4dhcpParms.useDNSServers, "UseNTPServers",
                                     v4dhcpParms.useNTPServers, "UseDomainName",
                                     v4dhcpParms.useUseDomainName))
            {
                return;
            }
        }

        if (dhcpv6)
        {
            if (!json_util::readJson(*dhcpv6, res, "OperatingMode",
                                     v6dhcpParms.dhcpv6OperatingMode,
                                     "UseDNSServers", v6dhcpParms.useDNSServers,
                                     "UseNTPServers", v6dhcpParms.useNTPServers,
                                     "UseDomainName",
                                     v6dhcpParms.useUseDomainName))
            {
                return;
            }
        }

        // Get single eth interface data, and call the below callback for
        // JSON preparation
        getEthernetIfaceData(
            iface_id,
            [this, asyncResp, iface_id, hostname = std::move(hostname),
             macAddress = std::move(macAddress),
             ipv4StaticAddresses = std::move(ipv4StaticAddresses),
             ipv6DefaultGateway = std::move(ipv6DefaultGateway),
             ipv6StaticAddresses = std::move(ipv6StaticAddresses),
             staticNameServers = std::move(staticNameServers),
             dhcpv4 = std::move(dhcpv4), dhcpv6 = std::move(dhcpv6),
             v4dhcpParms = std::move(v4dhcpParms),
             v6dhcpParms = std::move(v6dhcpParms),
             interfaceEnabled = std::move(interfaceEnabled)](
                const bool &success, const EthernetInterfaceData &ethData,
                const boost::container::flat_set<IPv4AddressData> &ipv4Data,
                const boost::container::flat_set<IPv6AddressData> &ipv6Data) {
                if (!success)
                {
                    // ... otherwise return error
                    // TODO(Pawel)consider distinguish between non existing
                    // object, and other errors
                    messages::resourceNotFound(asyncResp->res,
                                               "Ethernet Interface", iface_id);
                    return;
                }

                if (dhcpv4 || dhcpv6)
                {
                    handleDHCPPatch(iface_id, ethData, std::move(v4dhcpParms),
                                    std::move(v6dhcpParms), asyncResp);
                }

                if (hostname)
                {
                    handleHostnamePatch(*hostname, asyncResp);
                }

                if (macAddress)
                {
                    handleMACAddressPatch(iface_id, *macAddress, asyncResp);
                }

                if (ipv4StaticAddresses)
                {
                    // TODO(ed) for some reason the capture of ipv4Addresses
                    // above is returning a const value, not a non-const
                    // value. This doesn't really work for us, as we need to
                    // be able to efficiently move out the intermedia
                    // nlohmann::json objects. This makes a copy of the
                    // structure, and operates on that, but could be done
                    // more efficiently
                    nlohmann::json ipv4Static = std::move(*ipv4StaticAddresses);
                    handleIPv4StaticPatch(iface_id, ipv4Static, ipv4Data,
                                          asyncResp);
                }

                if (staticNameServers)
                {
                    handleStaticNameServersPatch(iface_id, *staticNameServers,
                                                 asyncResp);
                }

                if (ipv6DefaultGateway)
                {
                    messages::propertyNotWritable(asyncResp->res,
                                                  "IPv6DefaultGateway");
                }

                if (ipv6StaticAddresses)
                {
                    nlohmann::json ipv6Static = std::move(*ipv6StaticAddresses);
                    handleIPv6StaticAddressesPatch(iface_id, ipv6Static,
                                                   ipv6Data, asyncResp);
                }

                if (interfaceEnabled)
                {
                    setEthernetInterfaceBoolProperty(
                        iface_id, "NICEnabled", *interfaceEnabled, asyncResp);
                }
            });
    }
};

/**
 * VlanNetworkInterface derived class for delivering VLANNetworkInterface
 * Schema
 */
class VlanNetworkInterface : public Node
{
  public:
    /*
     * Default Constructor
     */
    template <typename CrowApp>
    VlanNetworkInterface(CrowApp &app) :
        Node(app,
             "/redfish/v1/Managers/bmc/EthernetInterfaces/<str>/VLANs/<str>",
             std::string(), std::string())
    {
        entityPrivileges = {
            {boost::beast::http::verb::get, {{"Login"}}},
            {boost::beast::http::verb::head, {{"Login"}}},
            {boost::beast::http::verb::patch, {{"ConfigureComponents"}}},
            {boost::beast::http::verb::put, {{"ConfigureComponents"}}},
            {boost::beast::http::verb::delete_, {{"ConfigureComponents"}}},
            {boost::beast::http::verb::post, {{"ConfigureComponents"}}}};
    }

  private:
    void parseInterfaceData(
        nlohmann::json &json_response, const std::string &parent_iface_id,
        const std::string &iface_id, const EthernetInterfaceData &ethData,
        const boost::container::flat_set<IPv4AddressData> &ipv4Data,
        const boost::container::flat_set<IPv6AddressData> &ipv6Data)
    {
        // Fill out obvious data...
        json_response["Id"] = iface_id;
        json_response["@odata.id"] =
            "/redfish/v1/Managers/bmc/EthernetInterfaces/" + parent_iface_id +
            "/VLANs/" + iface_id;

        json_response["VLANEnable"] = true;
        if (!ethData.vlan_id.empty())
        {
            json_response["VLANId"] = ethData.vlan_id.back();
        }
    }

    bool verifyNames(const std::string &parent, const std::string &iface)
    {
        if (!boost::starts_with(iface, parent + "_"))
        {
            return false;
        }
        else
        {
            return true;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Functions triggers appropriate requests on DBus
     */
    void doGet(crow::Response &res, const crow::Request &req,
               const std::vector<std::string> &params) override
    {
        std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp = std::make_shared<AsyncResp>(res);
        // TODO(Pawel) this shall be parameterized call (two params) to get
        // EthernetInterfaces for any Manager, not only hardcoded 'openbmc'.
        // Check if there is required param, truly entering this shall be
        // impossible.
        if (params.size() != 2)
        {
            messages::internalError(res);
            res.end();
            return;
        }

        const std::string &parent_iface_id = params[0];
        const std::string &iface_id = params[1];
        res.jsonValue["@odata.type"] =
            "#VLanNetworkInterface.v1_1_0.VLanNetworkInterface";
        res.jsonValue["Name"] = "VLAN Network Interface";

        if (!verifyNames(parent_iface_id, iface_id))
        {
            return;
        }

        // Get single eth interface data, and call the below callback for
        // JSON preparation
        getEthernetIfaceData(
            params[1],
            [this, asyncResp, parent_iface_id{std::string(params[0])},
             iface_id{std::string(params[1])}](
                const bool &success, const EthernetInterfaceData &ethData,
                const boost::container::flat_set<IPv4AddressData> &ipv4Data,
                const boost::container::flat_set<IPv6AddressData> &ipv6Data) {
                if (success && ethData.vlan_id.size() != 0)
                {
                    parseInterfaceData(asyncResp->res.jsonValue,
                                       parent_iface_id, iface_id, ethData,
                                       ipv4Data, ipv6Data);
                }
                else
                {
                    // ... otherwise return error
                    // TODO(Pawel)consider distinguish between non existing
                    // object, and other errors
                    messages::resourceNotFound(
                        asyncResp->res, "VLAN Network Interface", iface_id);
                }
            });
    }

    void doPatch(crow::Response &res, const crow::Request &req,
                 const std::vector<std::string> &params) override
    {
        std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp = std::make_shared<AsyncResp>(res);
        if (params.size() != 2)
        {
            messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
            return;
        }

        const std::string &parentIfaceId = params[0];
        const std::string &ifaceId = params[1];

        if (!verifyNames(parentIfaceId, ifaceId))
        {
            messages::resourceNotFound(asyncResp->res, "VLAN Network Interface",
                                       ifaceId);
            return;
        }

        bool vlanEnable = false;
        uint64_t vlanId = 0;

        if (!json_util::readJson(req, res, "VLANEnable", vlanEnable, "VLANId",
                                 vlanId))
        {
            return;
        }

        // Get single eth interface data, and call the below callback for
        // JSON preparation
        getEthernetIfaceData(
            params[1],
            [asyncResp, parentIfaceId{std::string(params[0])},
             ifaceId{std::string(params[1])}, &vlanEnable, &vlanId](
                const bool &success, const EthernetInterfaceData &ethData,
                const boost::container::flat_set<IPv4AddressData> &ipv4Data,
                const boost::container::flat_set<IPv6AddressData> &ipv6Data) {
                if (success && !ethData.vlan_id.empty())
                {
                    auto callback =
                        [asyncResp](const boost::system::error_code ec) {
                            if (ec)
                            {
                                messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
                            }
                        };

                    if (vlanEnable == true)
                    {
                        crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
                            std::move(callback), "xyz.openbmc_project.Network",
                            "/xyz/openbmc_project/network/" + ifaceId,
                            "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties", "Set",
                            "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.VLAN", "Id",
                            std::variant<uint32_t>(vlanId));
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        BMCWEB_LOG_DEBUG << "vlanEnable is false. Deleting the "
                                            "vlan interface";
                        crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
                            std::move(callback), "xyz.openbmc_project.Network",
                            std::string("/xyz/openbmc_project/network/") +
                                ifaceId,
                            "xyz.openbmc_project.Object.Delete", "Delete");
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    // TODO(Pawel)consider distinguish between non existing
                    // object, and other errors
                    messages::resourceNotFound(
                        asyncResp->res, "VLAN Network Interface", ifaceId);
                    return;
                }
            });
    }

    void doDelete(crow::Response &res, const crow::Request &req,
                  const std::vector<std::string> &params) override
    {
        std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp = std::make_shared<AsyncResp>(res);
        if (params.size() != 2)
        {
            messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
            return;
        }

        const std::string &parentIfaceId = params[0];
        const std::string &ifaceId = params[1];

        if (!verifyNames(parentIfaceId, ifaceId))
        {
            messages::resourceNotFound(asyncResp->res, "VLAN Network Interface",
                                       ifaceId);
            return;
        }

        // Get single eth interface data, and call the below callback for
        // JSON preparation
        getEthernetIfaceData(
            params[1],
            [asyncResp, parentIfaceId{std::string(params[0])},
             ifaceId{std::string(params[1])}](
                const bool &success, const EthernetInterfaceData &ethData,
                const boost::container::flat_set<IPv4AddressData> &ipv4Data,
                const boost::container::flat_set<IPv6AddressData> &ipv6Data) {
                if (success && !ethData.vlan_id.empty())
                {
                    auto callback =
                        [asyncResp](const boost::system::error_code ec) {
                            if (ec)
                            {
                                messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
                            }
                        };
                    crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
                        std::move(callback), "xyz.openbmc_project.Network",
                        std::string("/xyz/openbmc_project/network/") + ifaceId,
                        "xyz.openbmc_project.Object.Delete", "Delete");
                }
                else
                {
                    // ... otherwise return error
                    // TODO(Pawel)consider distinguish between non existing
                    // object, and other errors
                    messages::resourceNotFound(
                        asyncResp->res, "VLAN Network Interface", ifaceId);
                }
            });
    }
};

/**
 * VlanNetworkInterfaceCollection derived class for delivering
 * VLANNetworkInterface Collection Schema
 */
class VlanNetworkInterfaceCollection : public Node
{
  public:
    template <typename CrowApp>
    VlanNetworkInterfaceCollection(CrowApp &app) :
        Node(app, "/redfish/v1/Managers/bmc/EthernetInterfaces/<str>/VLANs/",
             std::string())
    {
        entityPrivileges = {
            {boost::beast::http::verb::get, {{"Login"}}},
            {boost::beast::http::verb::head, {{"Login"}}},
            {boost::beast::http::verb::patch, {{"ConfigureComponents"}}},
            {boost::beast::http::verb::put, {{"ConfigureComponents"}}},
            {boost::beast::http::verb::delete_, {{"ConfigureComponents"}}},
            {boost::beast::http::verb::post, {{"ConfigureComponents"}}}};
    }

  private:
    /**
     * Functions triggers appropriate requests on DBus
     */
    void doGet(crow::Response &res, const crow::Request &req,
               const std::vector<std::string> &params) override
    {
        std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp = std::make_shared<AsyncResp>(res);
        if (params.size() != 1)
        {
            // This means there is a problem with the router
            messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
            return;
        }

        const std::string &rootInterfaceName = params[0];

        // Get eth interface list, and call the below callback for JSON
        // preparation
        getEthernetIfaceList(
            [asyncResp, rootInterfaceName{std::string(rootInterfaceName)}](
                const bool &success,
                const boost::container::flat_set<std::string> &iface_list) {
                if (!success)
                {
                    messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
                    return;
                }

                if (iface_list.find(rootInterfaceName) == iface_list.end())
                {
                    messages::resourceNotFound(asyncResp->res,
                                               "VLanNetworkInterfaceCollection",
                                               rootInterfaceName);
                    return;
                }

                asyncResp->res.jsonValue["@odata.type"] =
                    "#VLanNetworkInterfaceCollection."
                    "VLanNetworkInterfaceCollection";
                asyncResp->res.jsonValue["Name"] =
                    "VLAN Network Interface Collection";

                nlohmann::json iface_array = nlohmann::json::array();

                for (const std::string &iface_item : iface_list)
                {
                    if (boost::starts_with(iface_item, rootInterfaceName + "_"))
                    {
                        iface_array.push_back(
                            {{"@odata.id",
                              "/redfish/v1/Managers/bmc/EthernetInterfaces/" +
                                  rootInterfaceName + "/VLANs/" + iface_item}});
                    }
                }

                asyncResp->res.jsonValue["Members@odata.count"] =
                    iface_array.size();
                asyncResp->res.jsonValue["Members"] = std::move(iface_array);
                asyncResp->res.jsonValue["@odata.id"] =
                    "/redfish/v1/Managers/bmc/EthernetInterfaces/" +
                    rootInterfaceName + "/VLANs";
            });
    }

    void doPost(crow::Response &res, const crow::Request &req,
                const std::vector<std::string> &params) override
    {
        std::shared_ptr<AsyncResp> asyncResp = std::make_shared<AsyncResp>(res);
        if (params.size() != 1)
        {
            messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
            return;
        }
        bool vlanEnable = false;
        uint32_t vlanId = 0;
        if (!json_util::readJson(req, res, "VLANId", vlanId, "VLANEnable",
                                 vlanEnable))
        {
            return;
        }
        // Need both vlanId and vlanEnable to service this request
        if (!vlanId)
        {
            messages::propertyMissing(asyncResp->res, "VLANId");
        }
        if (!vlanEnable)
        {
            messages::propertyMissing(asyncResp->res, "VLANEnable");
        }
        if (static_cast<bool>(vlanId) ^ vlanEnable)
        {
            return;
        }

        const std::string &rootInterfaceName = params[0];
        auto callback = [asyncResp](const boost::system::error_code ec) {
            if (ec)
            {
                // TODO(ed) make more consistent error messages based on
                // phosphor-network responses
                messages::internalError(asyncResp->res);
                return;
            }
            messages::created(asyncResp->res);
        };
        crow::connections::systemBus->async_method_call(
            std::move(callback), "xyz.openbmc_project.Network",
            "/xyz/openbmc_project/network",
            "xyz.openbmc_project.Network.VLAN.Create", "VLAN",
            rootInterfaceName, vlanId);
    }
};
} // namespace redfish